Fig. 2.

C3G downregulates the expression of Aβ42-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines in HMC3 cells. a HMC3 cells were treated with 1 μM Aβ42 for different time intervals (0, 1, 3, 6, and 12 h), and the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6) was analyzed by RT-PCR. b Having established that maximal expression of the cytokines was obtained with a 3-h incubation, we examined the effects of 50 μM C3G in a co-treatment with 1 μM Aβ42 for 3 h on cytokine mRNA expression levels by RT-PCR. a *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001 with 0 group. b # p < 0.05 with Con; * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01 with Aβ42