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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Aug 10.
Published in final edited form as: J Hazard Mater. 2021 Jul 3;420:126557. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126557

Table 2.

Distribution of PM2.5, PM components, temperature, and relative humidity in the 28-day exposure window before the visits of NAS participants.

Exposure (Unit) Exposure window (days)
Same day 7 14 21 28
Mean (SD) IQR Mean (SD) IQR Mean (SD) IQR Mean (SD) IQR Mean (SD) IQR
Air pollutant PM2.5 (μg/m3) 9.57 (6.31) 6.84 9.23 (3.83) 4.87 9.17 (3.34) 4.35 9.22 (3.13) 4.14 9.27 (3.08) 4.09
Na (μg/m3, 10−1) 1.71 (1.28) 1.46 1.70 (0.79) 1.03 1.69 (0.65) 0.90 1.70 (0.60) 0.84 1.71 (0.57) 0.82
S (μg/m3, 10−1) 9.54 (8.76) 7.63 9.08 (5.14) 5.92 9.01 (4.39) 5.39 9.09 (4.10) 5.33 9.14 (4.02) 5.18
Black carbon (μg/m3, 10−1) 7.77 (4.18) 5.28 6.84 (2.31) 3.33 6.80 (2.02) 2.97 6.79 (1.92) 2.89 6.80 (1.86) 2.92
Fe (μg/m3, 10−2) 6.93 (3.83) 4.01 6.27 (2.38) 2.44 6.22 (2.11) 2.19 6.18 (1.90) 2.13 6.19 (1.79) 2.10
Cu (μg/m3, 10−3) 3.59 (2.85) 3.04 3.37 (1.47) 1.53 3.37 (1.12) 1.16 3.35 (0.94) 1.00 3.35 (0.85) 0.91
Zn (μg/m3, 10−2) 1.18 (1.24) 0.85 1.06 (0.58) 0.61 1.06 (0.50) 0.56 1.06 (0.49) 0.52 1.06 (0.47) 0.51
Al (μg/m3, 10−2) 4.60 (3.17) 3.38 4.50 (2.74) 2.48 4.51 (2.57) 2.16 4.53 (2.41) 2.10 4.55 (2.31) 2.21
Si (μg/m3, 10−2) 7.06 (5.40) 4.91 6.79 (4.57) 3.97 6.82 (4.36) 3.68 6.83 (4.04) 3.49 6.87 (3.83) 3.32
Ca (μg/m3, 10−2) 3.21 (1.81) 1.82 2.90 (1.14) 1.22 2.89 (0.92) 0.98 2.90 (0.92) 0.98 2.91 (0.87) 0.98
Ti (μg/m3, 10−3) 3.56 (2.77) 2.44 3.32 (1.65) 1.46 3.32 (1.43) 1.37 3.30 (1.27) 1.28 3.30 (1.17) 1.22
Cl (μg/m3, 10−2) 1.07 (4.48) 0.33 1.39 (3.88) 0.56 1.33 (2.79) 0.86 1.33 (2.38) 1.01 1.33 (2.17) 1.05
K (μg/m3, 10−2) 3.60 (2.56) 2.08 3.90 (3.70) 1.54 3.95 (2.88) 1.37 3.92 (2.33) 1.35 3.92 (2.03) 1.28
V (μg/m3, 10−3) 3.01 (3.47) 3.36 2.98 (2.39) 3.00 3.01 (2.30) 3.09 3.04 (2.24) 3.04 3.05 (2.18) 3.02
Ni (μg/m3, 10−3) 2.58 (3.43) 2.63 2.57 (2.48) 2.70 2.63 (2.50) 2.68 2.67 (2.48) 2.65 2.68 (2.41) 2.53
Pb (μg/m3, 10−3) 5.03 (3.19) 4.09 5.11 (1.94) 2.49 5.13 (1.71) 2.04 5.14 (1.58) 1.77 5.16 (1.52) 1.90
Temperature (°C) 13.01 (8.64) 13.29 12.79 (8.04) 12.94 12.77 (7.93) 12.59 12.78 (7.90) 12.86 12.81 (7.88) 12.86
Relative humidity (%) 67.82 (15.73) 24.42 67.66 (9.00) 12.70 67.69 (7.26) 10.20 67.65 (6.45) 8.92 67.67 (5.97) 8.45

PM, particulate matter; NAS, Normative Aging Study; SD = standard deviation; IQR = interquartile range