TABLE I.
Patient Demographics.
| Brush Biopsy | Tissue Section | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Enrollment | iLTS (n = 4) | iSGS (n = 4) | iLTS (n = 5) | iSGS (n = 5) | RPA (n = 5) | ||
| Mean age (range) | 51 (23–81) | 50 (39–60) | P = .93 | 48 (20–79) | 51 (31–86) | 51 (33–67) | P = .97 |
| Sex, female (%) | 2 (50%) | 4 (100%) | P = .10 | 3 (60%) | 5 (100%) | 2 (40%) | P = .12 |
| BMI (range) | 32.2 | 40.6 | P = .03 * | 26.3 | 25 | 20.2 | P = .12 |
| Cotton–Meyer grade | 2.8 | 1.8 | P = .25 | 2.6 | 2.4 | — | P = .58 |
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | — | ||
| 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 3 | — | ||
| 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 | — | ||
| 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | ||
| Tobacco use, n | |||||||
| Current | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Former | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Never | 4 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 4 | ||
| History of intubation | 4 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Tracheostomy | 4 | 0 | P = .03 * | 1 | 1 | 0 | P = .58 |
| Comorbidities | |||||||
| Asthma | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| COPD | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| T2DM | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Depression | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | ||
| GERD | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 1 | ||
| Hemiplegia | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Hypertension | 3 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||
| OSA | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Solid tumor | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | ||
| Inflammatory tissue disease | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Steroids | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | ||
| Radiation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| CCI (range) | 4 (2–7) | 1.3 (0–2) | P =0.058 | 1.8 (0–5) | 1.8 (0–5) | 8.4 (2–13) | P = .005 * |
| Level of stenosis | |||||||
| Posterior glottis | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | ||
| Subglottic | 2 | 4 | 2 | 4 | — | ||
| Tracheal | 4 | 0 | 3 | 2 | — | ||
| Glottic | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | ||
| Multilevel | 3 | 0 | 1 | 1 | — | ||
CCI = Charlson Comorbidity Index; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; GERD = gastroesophageal reflux disease; OSA = obstructive sleep apnea; T2DM = diabetes mellitus type 2.
*
Significance statement for bold P < 0.05.