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. 2022 Feb 10;29(12):1827–1839. doi: 10.1038/s41417-022-00433-w

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — A Histological analysis of primary UM tissue. H&E staining (top left) shows the morphology of UM, and the diagnosis of UM is confirmed by melanoma marker Human Melanoma Black (HMB45, brown) IHC staining (top right). CXCR4 IHC staining shows low (bottom left) to moderate (bottom right) expression level in UM tissues. B Histological analysis of HMUM. H&E (top left) and HMB45 (top right) IHC staining (red) confirmed the lesion as UM metastases in the liver. CXCR4 IHC staining (bottom left and bottom right) shows high expression levels (denoted by red staining) in HMUM. C Immunoreactive score (IRS) of CXCR4 in primary UM (UM) and hepatic metastasis of UM (HMUM). HMUM has significantly higher CXCR4 IRS than UM (P < 0.01). D Immunofluorescence staining of DAPI (blue, top left), gp100 (yellow, top center), and CXCR4 (green, top right) in UM hepatic metastases tissue (scale bars, 60 µm). The spatial overlapping of gp100 and CXCR4 (bottom center) demonstrated CXCR4 expressed on tumor cells (scale bars, 60 µm). Bottom left: the merged image of CXCR4 and DAPI; bottom right: the merged image of CXCR4, gp100 and DAPI.