Table 2.
Impact of interventions on medical error reduction by intervention group.
| Overall medical error | Medication error | Patients' fall | Healthcare-associated infections | Diagnostic error | Transfusion and testing errors | Surgical errors | Patients' suicide | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Caregivers' education and behavioral change interventions | + + 2 reviews (58, 64) + 2 reviews (65, 69) |
|||||||
| Digital and electronic | ++1 review (5) + 1 review (70) | |||||||
| Education and professional skills | + + 2 reviews (58, 59) + 1 review (60) | |||||||
| Use of electronic systems | + + 2 reviews (3, 4) + 2 reviews (1, 2) | + + 12 reviews (4, 22, 24–31, 56, 57) + 13 reviews (5, 34, 35, 44–53) |
||||||
| Environment/equipment cleaning | ++ 1 review (63) | |||||||
| Identification of patients (labeling and barcoding) | ++ 1 review (72) +1 review (73) |
|||||||
| Inter-professional education | + + 1 review (9) | |||||||
| Leadership or managerial manners and strategies | + + 4 reviews (14, 17, 22, 23) + 1 review (21) |
|||||||
| Managerial and organizational interventions | ++1 review (64) + 3 reviews (21, 61, 65) |
|||||||
| Measures to reduce absconding and engagement with patient's family | + 1 review (76) | |||||||
| Methods/tools evaluating patients' fall risk | + +1 review (59) + 1 review (5) | |||||||
| Organizational and workplace cultures | + 1 review (61) | |||||||
| Patient identification | + 1 review (70) | |||||||
| Patient-centered interventions | + 1 review (8) | |||||||
| Pharmacists and clinical pharmacist role | ++ 6 reviews (37–41, 43) + 7 reviews (5, 32, 33, 35, 36, 42) |
|||||||
| Use of checklists and counting materials | ++ 2 review (18, 75) +1 review (42) | |||||||
| Process and patient care interventions | ++1 review (59) | ++1 review (77) | ||||||
| Process interventions | ++ 1 review (7) + 3 review s (5, 6, 10) | ++ 9 reviews (7, 13–20) + 4 reviews (5, 11, 12, 55) |
++ 1 review (18) +2 reviews (42, 66) |
|||||
| Quality improvement methodologies | +1 review (71) | |||||||
| Smart pumps impact | + 2 review (5, 54) | |||||||
| Radio-frequency identification technology | +1 review (74) | |||||||
| Contact interventions | ++1 review (77) | |||||||
| Use of medication | ++ 1 review (67) + 2 reviews (42, 68) |
|||||||
| Hourly rounding programs | ++ 1 review (62) |
++ effective in reduction / significant reduction, + some evidence of reduction.