. 2022 Jul 27;9:957321. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.957321

Table 1.

Effects of Ex, FA, and Ex-FA on lipid profiles in the serum, liver, and skeletal muscle in HFD-fed mice.

	ND	HFD	Ex	FA	Ex-FA
Serum
TG (mmol/L)	0.34 ± 0.08^b	0.49 ± 0.11^a	0.28 ± 0.10^b	0.33 ± 0.06^b	0.32 ± 0.13^b
TC (mmol/L)	3.41 ± 0.32^b	4.10 ± 0.28^a	3.51 ± 0.66^b	3.46 ± 0.47^b	3.72 ± 0.42^ab
HDL-C (mmol/L)	2.87 ± 0.18^a	2.37 ± 0.60^b	2.99 ± 0.28^a	2.72 ± 0.31^ab	3.07 ± 0.36^a
LDL-C (mmol/L)	0.30 ± 0.05^b	0.44 ± 0.07^a	0.32 ± 0.10^b	0.38 ± 0.08^ab	0.34 ± 0.06^b
Liver
TG (μmol/g pro)	31.40 ± 9.77^bc	42.05 ± 7.75^a	37.73 ± 7.28^ab	32.16 ± 5.26^bc	26.30 ± 6.58^c
TC (μmol/g pro)	8.90 ± 1.09^a	10.19 ± 1.92^a	9.34 ± 1.34^a	8.51 ± 0.63^a	8.85 ± 2.49^a
FFA (μmol/g pro)	22.86 ± 3.87^bc	31.60 ± 8.01^a	29.21 ± 7.15^ab	20.28 ± 5.88^c	21.30 ± 8.25^bc
Skeletal muscle
TG (μmol/g pro)	75.41 ± 4.05^bc	83.34 ± 2.72^a	80.35 ± 7.1^ab	76.66 ± 3.46^abc	72.26 ± 7.61^c
TC (μmol/g pro)	2.73 ± 0.73^b	5.40 ± 1.58^a	4.81 ± 1.66^a	2.98 ± 0.47^b	3.11 ± 1.30^b
FFA (μmol/g pro)	3.30 ± 1.25^b	5.14 ± 1.19^a	3.51 ± 1.06^b	3.64 ± 0.89^b	3.66 ± 0.78^b

ND, normal diet group (control); HFD, high-fat diet group (model); Ex, high-fat diet with exercise; FA, high-fat diet with ferulic acid; Ex-FA, high-fat diet with exercise and ferulic acid. Data are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 9 for skeletal muscle and n = 10 for serum and liver). Means with different letters are significantly different (P < 0.05).