Table 2.
Results of factors associated with handwashing a
| Variables | Handwashing | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | |||
| Year a | ||||
| 2013 | 1.00 | |||
| 2015 | 1.10 | (1.08 | – | 1.13) |
| 2017 | 1.10 | (1.08 | – | 1.13) |
| 2019 | 1.17 | (1.14 | – | 1.20) |
| 2020 | 3.21 | (3.14 | – | 3.29) |
| Sex | ||||
| Men | 1.00 | |||
| Women | 1.93 | (1.90 | – | 1.96) |
| Age | ||||
| 19–29 | 1.00 | |||
| 30–39 | 1.24 | (1.21 | – | 1.27) |
| 40–49 | 1.07 | (1.04 | – | 1.09) |
| 50–59 | 1.02 | (0.99 | – | 1.04) |
| 60–69 | 1.09 | (1.06 | – | 1.12) |
| 70- | 0.78 | (0.76 | – | 0.80) |
| Marital status | ||||
| Living with spouse | 1.20 | (1.18 | – | 1.21) |
| Living without spouse | 1.00 | |||
| Region | ||||
| Urban area | 1.23 | (1.21 | – | 1.24) |
| Rural area | 1.00 | |||
| Household income | ||||
| High | 1.05 | (1.03 | – | 1.07) |
| Mid | 1.04 | (1.02 | – | 1.05) |
| Low | 1.00 | |||
| Occupational categoriesa | ||||
| White collar | 1.17 | (1.15 | – | 1.19) |
| Pink collar | 1.09 | (1.07 | – | 1.11) |
| Blue collar | 0.91 | (0.89 | – | 0.92) |
| Inoccupation | 1.00 | |||
| Educational level | ||||
| Middle shool or less | 1.00 | |||
| High school | 1.50 | (1.47 | – | 1.53) |
| College or over | 1.99 | (1.95 | – | 2.03) |
| Perceived stress | ||||
| Much | 1.00 | |||
| Less | 0.94 | (0.93 | – | 0.96) |
| Current drinking | ||||
| Yes | 1.00 | |||
| No | 1.12 | (1.10 | – | 1.13) |
| Current smoking | ||||
| Yes | 1.00 | |||
| No | 1.12 | (1.10 | – | 1.14) |
| Unmet medical need | ||||
| No | 1.21 | (1.18 | – | 1.23) |
| Yes | 1.00 | |||
| Influenza vaccination | ||||
| Yes | 1.31 | (1.29 | – | 1.33) |
| No | 1.00 | |||
| Self-perceived health status | ||||
| Bad | 1.00 | |||
| Normal | 1.21 | (1.19 | – | 1.23) |
| Good | 1.49 | (1.46 | – | 1.52) |
a Table 2 shows that adults who were washing hands always had gradually increased ORs by years referring to 2013. P for trend < 0.0001; odds ratio (OR); 95% confidence intervals (95% CI)