Table 3.

COVID-19-associated stroke case-control studies.

Study	Case-control definition	NIHSS (cases vs controls)	LVO (cases vs controls)	Mortality (cases vs controls)	mRS on discharge (cases vs controls)	Stroke etiology subtype (TOAST)
Perry et al, JNNP 2021	COVID-19-associated stroke vs stroke	8 vs 5, p < 0.002	n.s.	19.8% vs 6.9%, p < 0.0001	4 vs 3, p < 0.0001	n.s.
Kihira et al, AJR 2020	COVID-19-associated stroke vs stroke	n.s.	31.7% vs 15.3%, p 0.001	-	-	-
Topcuoglu et al, JSCVD 2021	COVID-19-associated stroke vs stroke	12 vs 9, p 0.034	-	54% vs 8%, p < 0.0001	n.s.	n.s.
Yaghi et al, Stroke 2020	COVID-19-associated stroke vs stroke	19 vs 8, p 0.007	n.s.	63% vs 9%, p < 0.001	-	Cryptogenetic stroke 65.6% vs 30.4%, p 0.003
Garcia-Lamberecht	COVID-19-associated stroke vs stroke	-	-	OR 1.77, 95% CI 1.37-2.3	-	-
Khorvash et al., J Res Med Sci	COVID-19-associated stroke vs COVID-19	-	-	52% vs 18%, p 0.001	-	-

NIHSS National Institute of Health Stroke Scale, LVO Large Vessel Occlusion, mRS modified Rankin Scale, TOAST