Table 3. Summarized application of variant TORRs in Asia.
| Goto | AHA-BLS | AHA-ALS | Shibahashi | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall AUC | 0.73 (0.72–0.73) | 0.80 (0.79–0.81) | 0.60 (0.58–0.61) | 0.65 (0.64–0.65) |
| Countries with good performancea | 4 (Japan, Singapore, Thailand, UAE) |
2 (Singapore, UAE) |
3 (Japan, Singapore, UAE) |
4 (Japan, Singapore, Thailand, UAE) |
| Criteria | 1. Unshockable initial rhythm 2. Unwitnessed by bystanders 3. No prehospital ROSC |
1. No pre-hospital shock delivered 2. Unwitnessed by EMT 3. No pre-hospital ROSC |
1. No pre-hospital shock delivered 2. Unwitnessed by EMT or bystanders 3. No pre-hospital ROSC 4. No bystander CPR |
1. Unshockable initial rhythm 2. Unwitnessed by bystanders 3. Age ≥73 years |
| Advantage in utility in Asia | 1. Death declaration in ED by physician 2. Legally authorised |
1. Reduced transport rate | 1. Reduced transport rate | 1. Death declaration immediately after the arrival of EMT 2. Reduced transport rate |
| Disadvantage in utility in Asia | 1. Need transport to ED, cannot reduce transport time | 1. Death declaration by EMT at scene 2. Not legally authorised |
1. Death declaration by EMT at scene 2. Not legally authorised |
1. Death declaration by EMT at scene 2. Not legally authorised |
aGood performance: A PPV ≥99% in prediction of in-hospital mortality.
AHA-BLS, American Heart Association Basic Life Support; AHA-ALS, American Heart Association Advanced Life Support; AUC, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve; EMT, emergency medical technicians; ED, emergency department; CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; ROSC, return of spontaneous circulation.