Table 4. Patient characteristics in countries with good Goto TORR performance vs. suboptimal Goto TORR performance.
| Good Goto TORR performancea (n = 46,760) | Suboptimal Goto TORR performanceb (n = 8,304) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, year (mean, SD) | 73.8 (15.4) | 67.6 (16.8) | <0.0001 |
| Gender, Male, n (%) | 27,336 (58.5) | 5,414 (65.2) | <0.0001 |
| Type of initial rhythm, n (%) | <0.0001 | ||
| Shockable | 4,368 (9.3) | 1,278 (15.4) | |
| VF | 3,210 (6.9) | 1,089 (13.1) | |
| VT | 96 (0.2) | 81 (0.98) | |
| Unknown shockable | 1,062 (2.3) | 108 (1.3) | |
| Non-shockable | 42,296 (90.5) | 6,264 (75.4) | |
| Asystole | 22,554 (48.2) | 4,781 (57.6) | |
| PEA | 7,018 (15.0) | 1,225 (14.8) | |
| Unknown non-shockable | 12,724 (27.2) | 258 (3.1) | |
| Unknown | 96 (0.2) | 762 (9.2) | |
| Pre-hospital defibrillation, n (%) | 5,929 (12.7) | 1,766 (21.3) | <0.0001 |
| Cardiac arrest witness, n (%) | <0.0001 | ||
| No witness | 27,064 (57.9) | 4,334 (52.2) | |
| EMS | 3,416 (7.3) | 648 (7.8) | |
| Bystander | 16,280 (34.8) | 3,322 (40.0) | |
| Bystander CPR, n (%) | 17,428 (37.3) | 3,093 (37.3) | 0.97 |
| Pre-hospital ROSC, n (%) | 4,029 (8.6) | 624 (7.5) | 0.0009 |
| Survival to discharge, n (%) | 2,503 (5.4) | 784 (9.4) | <0.0001 |
aGood Goto TORR performance: Country with PPV≧99% belongs to this category, including Japan, Singapore, Thailand, UAE.
bSuboptimal Goto TORR performance: Country with PPV<99% belongs to this category, including Korea, Malaysia, Taiwan.