Table 5. Effect of targeted bee venom-CSNPs and native bee venom on Bcl-2, Bax, caspase 9, caspase 3, MMP-9, and MMP-2 genes expression.
| Groups | Relative expression of genes | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bcl-2 | Bax | Caspase-9 | Caspase-3 | MMP-2 | MMP-9 | |
| Control healthy | 1.00±00 | 1.00±00 | 1.00±00 | 1.00±00 | 1.00±00 | 1.00±00 |
| HCC-induced | 50.18±4.45 a | 0.75±0.02 e | 0.24±0.02 f | 0.13±0.01 f | 30.10±2.43 a | 11.10±2.43 a |
| Bee venom (1 mg/kg) | 18.37±1.06 c | 2.69±1.02 c | 1.69±0.04 d | 1.24±0.20 d | 20.89±0.23 b | 9.89±0.23 b |
| Bee venom (2 mg/kg) | 10.00±1.23 d | 3.64±1.11 c | 2.42±0.08 c | 2.55±0.93 c | 15.65±3.26 c | 8.65±3.26 c |
| Targeted bee venom-CSNPs (0.5 mg/kg) | 3.04±0.38 e | 8.02±1.23 b | 10.23±0.08 b | 5.44±1.01 b | 10.97±2.47 d | 3.97±2.47 d |
| Targeted bee venom-CSNPs (1 mg/kg) | 0.89±0.07 f | 31.09±3.43 a | 17.89±1.23 a | 12.75±1.13 a | 1.81±0.021 e | 0.71±0.021 e |
| Non-targeted CSNPs (2 mg/kg) | 32.18±2.21 b | 1.46±0.65 d | 1.02±1.23 e | 0.58±0.23 e | 23.59±0.03 b | 9.59±0.03 b |
Results are represented as mean ± SEM (n = 8). Statistical analyses were performed using one-way ANOVA; means for the same parameter with different letters (a-e) in each column are significantly different (p < 0.01), where the highest data value takes the letter (a).