Table 1. Terms used for the bibliographic search with their corresponding filters.

SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus

Database	Keywords	Search strategy	Filters
PubMed	Leptin, Leptin receptor, level, systemic lupus erythematosus, SLE	Systemic Lupus Erythematosus OR SLE OR (“Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/blood”[Majr] OR “Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/genetics”[Majr] OR “Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/immunology”[Majr] OR “Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/metabolism”[Majr] OR “Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/pathology”[Majr] OR “Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/physiology”[Majr] OR “Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/physiopathology”[Majr] ) AND Leptin OR (“Leptin/blood”[Majr] OR “Leptin/genetics”[Majr] OR “Leptin/immunology”[Majr] OR “Leptin/metabolism”[Majr] OR “Leptin/physiology”[Majr] ) AND Leptin receptor OR (“Receptors, Leptin/blood”[Majr] OR “Receptors, Leptin/chemistry”[Majr] OR “Receptors, Leptin/genetics”[Majr] OR “Receptors, Leptin/immunology”[Majr] OR “Receptors, Leptin/metabolism”[Majr])	Last 10 years, free full text, English language, humans
ScienceDirect	Leptin, systemic lupus erythematosus, SLE	Leptin AND SLE OR Systemic Lupus Erythematosus	2012–2022 research articles, review articles
Cochrane	Leptin, level, systemic lupus erythematosus, SLE	SLE AND Leptin	2012–2022
Epistemonikos	Leptin, systemic lupus erythematosus, SLE	SLE OR Systemic Lupus Erythematosus AND Leptin	Last 10 years
Google Scholar	Leptin, level, systemic lupus erythematosus	Systemic Lupus Erythematosus AND Leptin Levels	2012–2022