Table 3.
Logistic regression analysis of the association between main and supplementary exposures (likelihood of severe periodontitis, number of natural teeth, socio-demographic, general health, and lifestyle variables) and odds of poorer oral health-related quality of life (OHIP-14 > 8, 4th quartile) in the full sample, 2009–2012, NutriNet-Santé web cohort, France (n = 32,714)
| Variable | Full sample (n = 32,714) | |
|---|---|---|
| Adjusted OR (95% CI) Model 1a |
Adjusted OR (95% CI) Model 2b |
|
| Age category | ||
| 18–25 | Reference | Reference |
| 26–49 | 1.14 (1.01–1.30) | 1.52 (1.28–1.81) |
| 50–64 | 1.44 (1.27–1.64) | 1.68 (1.52- 1.85) |
| ≥ 65 | 1.43 (1.24–1.65) | 1.22 (1.12–1.34) |
| Sex | ||
| Female | 1.42 (1.33–1.52) | 1.35 (1.26–1.45) |
| Male | Reference | Reference |
| Marital status | ||
| Married, living in a couple | Reference | Reference |
| Single, divorced, widowed | 1.19 (1.13–1.27) | 1.04 (0.96–1.11) |
| Educational level | ||
| High school or less | Reference | Reference |
| Undergraduate degree | 0.92 (0.68–1.25) | 1.03 (0.74–1.42) |
| Graduate degree | 0.97 (0.72–1.32) | 0.97 (0.70–1.34) |
| Other/not reported | 1.13 (0.83–1.54) | 1.02 (0.74–1.41) |
| Household income (€/month) | ||
| < 1200 | Reference | Reference |
| 1200–1799 | 0.53 (0.51–0.65) | 0.62 (0.54–0.70) |
| 1800–2699 | 0.73 (0.65–0.82) | 0.77 (0.69–0.88) |
| ≥ 2700 | 0.77 (0.69–0.82) | 0.81 (0.72–0.90) |
| Other/not reported | 0.93 (0.84–1.02) | 0.91 (0.82–1.00) |
| Socio-professional category | ||
| Manual workers/farmers | Reference | Reference |
| Self-employed artisan/merchant / entrepreneur/intermediate-skills profession | 1.06 (0.91–1.24) | 1.03 (0.86–1.24) |
| Office work/administrative staff | 0.70 (0.56–0.86) | 0.81 (0.64–1.02) |
| Intellectual profession/executive staff | 0.84 (0.72–0.98) | 0.91 (0.75–1.08) |
| Other/not reported | 0.95 (0.81–1.11) | 0.97 (0.81–1.17) |
| Physical activity | ||
| < 30 min of walking/day | Reference | Reference |
| ≥ 30 min of walking/day | 0.90 (0.85–0.95) | 0.91 (0.86–0.96) |
| Smoking status and frequency | ||
| Every day | 1.64 (1.51–1.80) | 1.24 (1.06–1.46) |
| Occasionally | 1.40 (1.27–1.53) | 1.12 (0.97–1.29) |
| Former smoker | 1.45 (1.24–1.69) | 1.10 (1.01–1.21) |
| Never smoked | Reference | Reference |
| Daily alcohol consumption above the sex-specific thresholda | ||
| Yes | 1.11 (1.00–1.22) | 1.03 (0.94–1.14) |
| No | Reference | Reference |
| Frequency of snacking between meals | ||
| 1–4 times/day | 2.02 (1.76–2.32) | 1.64 (1.42–1.90) |
| Less than once/day or never | Reference | Reference |
| Frequency of consumption of chocolate, candies, sweets | ||
| 1–4 times/day | 1.27 (1.20–1.34) | 1.23 (1.16–1.31) |
| Less than once/day or never | Reference | Reference |
| Frequency of consumption of soft drinks | ||
| 1–4 times/day | 1.20 (1.11–1.29) | 1.15 (1.06–1.24) |
| Less than once/day or never | Reference | Reference |
| BMI category (kg/m2) | ||
| < 25 | Reference | Reference |
| 25–29 | 1.32 (1.20–1.44) | 1.15 (1.04–1.27) |
| >= 30 | 1.29 (1.17–1.43) | 1.21 (1.09–1.35) |
| Prevalent diabetes (Type I or type II) | ||
| Yes | 1.35 (1.15–1.6) | 1.11 (0.92–1.32) |
| No | Reference | Reference |
| Prevalent major cardiovascular disease | ||
| Yes | 1.32 (1.07–1.62) |
1.19 (0.95–1.49) Reference |
| No | Reference | |
| Prevalent cancer | ||
| Yes | 1.03 (0.93–1.14) | 0.99 (0.88–1.11) |
| No | Reference | Reference |
| mPESS (modified Periodontal Screening Score) | ||
| mPESS ≥ 5 | 3.95 (3.70–4.32) | 3.45 (3.21–3.72) |
| mPESS < 5 | Reference | Reference |
| Number of natural teeth [n (%)] | ||
| < 20 teeth | 1.65 (1.44–1.89) | 1.48 (1.29–1.71) |
| ≥ 20 teeth | Reference | Reference |
aModel 1 is adjusted for age (continuous variable) and sex
bModel 2 is adjusted for age (continuous variable), sex, sociodemographic variables, lifestyle habits, physical health status, and periodontal health