Table 1.

Comparison of the present SARS-COV-2 NP sensor detection with others reported recently.

Entity	Analytical methods	Linear range	Detection limit	Reference
Screen-printed	Electrochemical sensor	1 ng/mL to 1000 ng/mL	0.8 pg/mL	[2]
Screen-printed	Miniaturized electrochemical immunosensor	0.01 to 0.6 μg/mL	8 ng/mL	[5]
UCNPs@mSiO2	5G-enabled fluorescence sensor	2.2 ng/mL to 200 ng/mL	2.2 ng/mL	[24]
Molecularly imprinted polymer	Electrochemical sensor	2.22–111 fM	15 fM	[26]
CRISPR/Cas12a system	Electrochemical aptamer sensor	50 pg/mL to 100 ng/mL	16.5 pg/mL	[45]
Nanodiamond assembled gold interdigitated	Biosensor	1 fM to 100 pM	0.389 fM	[46]
Plasmonic GNP	Biosensor	150 ng/mL to 650 ng/mL	150 ng/mL	[47]
Dual working screen-printed	Electrochemical immunosensor	1 pg/mL to 10 ng/mL	116 fg/mL and 150 fg/mL	[48]
Gold nanoparticle cluster	Colorimetric sensor	0.3 ng/mL to 1,000 ng/mL	0.038 ng/mL	[49]
TiO2@Bi2WO6/Ag2S	PEC	0.001 ng/mL to 50 ng/mL	0.38 pg/mL	This work