Table 2. Pain severity, analgesic use, pain location, and pain interference at postoperative 3, 6, and 12 months for patients who underwent SP-VATS or MP-VATS pulmonary resection.
| Pain at 3 mo | Pain at 6 mo | Pain at 12 mo | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SP-VATS ( n = 48) |
MP-VATS ( n = 84) | p -Value | SP-VATS ( n = 21) |
MP-VATS ( n = 42) | p -Value | SP-VATS ( n = 9) |
MP-VATS ( n = 20) | p -Value | |
| Pain severity | |||||||||
| Worst pain | 4.3 ± 1.4 | 4.9 ± 1.4 | 0.037 | 3.5 ± 1.0 | 3.7 ± 1.3 | 0.602 | 3.2 ± 1.0 | 3.6 ± 1.2 | 0.476 |
| Least pain | 0.8 ± 0.9 | 1.1 ± 0.8 | 0.039 | 0.4 ± 0.7 | 0.7 ± 0.7 | 0.111 | 0.4 ± 0.7 | 0.6 ± 0.8 | 0.744 |
| Average pain | 2.5 ± 1.1 | 2.9 ± 0.9 | 0.024 | 2.0 ± 0.8 | 2.2 ± 0.9 | 0.307 | 1.7 ± 1.0 | 2.1 ± 0.8 | 0.288 |
| Current pain | 2.2 ± 1.5 | 2.7 ± 1.6 | 0.044 | 2.1 ± 1.5 | 2.3 ± 1.4 | 0.501 | 1.7 ± 1.7 | 1.8 ± 1.4 | 0.892 |
| Analgesic use | 17 (35.4) | 41 (48.8) | 0.136 | 6 (28.6) | 15 (35.7) | 0.571 | 1 (11.1) | 3 (15.0) | 0.779 |
| Pain location | |||||||||
| Surgical scar area | 33 (68.8) | 58 (69.0) | 15 (71.4) | 31 (73.8) | 6 (66.7) | 16 (80.0) | |||
| Breast area | 8 (16.7) | 18 (21.4) | 3 (14.3) | 9 (21.4) | 0 | 4 (20.0) | |||
| Sternal area | 2 (4.2) | 6 (7.1) | 1 (4.8) | 2 (4.8) | 0 | 1 (5.0) | |||
| Shoulder area | 5 (10.4) | 10 (11.9) | 1 (4.8) | 6 (14.3) | 1 (11.1) | 2 (10.0) | |||
| Scapula area | 11 (22.9) | 17 (20.2) | 4 (19.0) | 4 (9.5) | 3 (33.3) | 2 (10.0) | |||
| Pain interference | |||||||||
| General activity | 2.8 ± 1.7 | 3.4 ± 1.9 | 0.052 | 2.7 ± 1.8 | 3.3 ± 1.3 | 0.112 | 1.8 ± 1.3 | 2.4 ± 1.0 | 0.215 |
| Mood | 2.8 ± 1.8 | 3.9 ± 1.7 | 0.001 | 2.9 ± 1.8 | 3.7 ± 1.8 | 0.107 | 2.1 ± 1.3 | 3.1 ± 1.8 | 0.163 |
| Walking ability | 2.9 ± 1.5 | 3.0 ± 1.5 | 0.666 | 2.5 ± 1.5 | 2.6 ± 1.5 | 0.769 | 1.6 ± 1.2 | 2.0 ± 1.1 | 0.383 |
| Normal work | 3.3 ± 1.6 | 3.3 ± 1.6 | 0.826 | 2.9 ± 1.8 | 2.7 ± 1.4 | 0.730 | 1.9 ± 0.9 | 2.0 ± 0.9 | 0.872 |
| Relations with other people | 3.1 ± 1.7 | 3.4 ± 1.5 | 0.288 | 2.6 ± 1.2 | 3.1 ± 1.5 | 0.239 | 1.8 ± 1.4 | 2.2 ± 1.0 | 0.362 |
| Sleep | 2.7 ± 1.6 | 3.3 ± 1.4 | 0.018 | 2.5 ± 1.4 | 3.1 ± 1.4 | 0.144 | 2.1 ± 2.0 | 2.6 ± 1.2 | 0.476 |
| Enjoyment of life | 3.4 ± 1.7 | 4.1 ± 1.8 | 0.038 | 2.7 ± 1.6 | 3.9 ± 1.4 | 0.003 | 2.6 ± 1.3 | 3.7 ± 1.3 | 0.039 |
Abbreviations: MP-VATS, multi-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery; SP-VATS, single-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.
Note: Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or numbers (proportions).