Table 3.

Histological alterations in the liver of Ctenopharyngodon idella determined by using semiquantitative scoring method.

Histological alterations	Control	Cd-exposed group
Nuclear alterations	−	++
Hepatic necrosis	−	+++
Hyperplasia	−	+++
Hemorrhage	−	+++
Hepatic infiltration	−	+++
Dilated sinusoids	−	+++
Cognation of central vein	−	++
Pyknotic nuclei	−	+++
Proliferation of hepatocytes	−	++
Edema	−	+++
Pigmented cell rupture	−	++
Fat cell accumulation	−	+++
Hypertrophy	−	+++
Alarm cell	−	++
Partial degeneration of hepatic mass	−	++
Vacuole degeneration	−	+++

Results of histological assessment evaluated as mild and minor abrasions ≤ 25% represented by +; medium abrasions ≤ 50% represented by ++; pronounced abrasions ≤ 75% represented by +++; severe abrasions ≥ 75% represented by ++++, and no histological alteration ≤0% represented by −.