Table 7.

Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus levels before and after treatment (χ ± s).

Group	Bifidobacteria (Log N/g)		Lactobacilli (Log N/g)
	Before	After	Before	After
Control	8.13 ± 0.59	8.05 ± 0.58	6.84 ± 0.91	6.79 ± 0.92
Routine massage	8.10 ± 0.73	8.51 ± 0.77∗∗	6.32 ± 1.19	6.63 ± 1.16∗
Abdominal massage	8.07 ± 0.65	8.56 ± 0.74∗∗#	6.64 ± 1.29	6.99 ± 1.09∗∗
F value	0.04	2.84	0.91	0.52
P value	0.96	0.07	0.41	0.60

Comparison within group, ^∗P < 0.05 and ^∗∗P < 0.01. Comparison with control group, ^#P < 0.05 and ^##P < 0.01.