Table 2.
Clinically significant symptoms of depression, anxiety, and co-morbid symptoms in pregnant and postpartum women during the COVID-19 pandemic.
| Pregnant women |
Postpartum women |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Depression |
Anxiety |
Co-morbid symptoms |
Depression |
Anxiety |
Co-morbid symptoms |
|
| EPDS ≥13 n (%) |
GAD-7 ≥10 n (%) |
EPDS ≥13 & GAD-7 ≥10 n (%) |
EPDS ≥13 n (%) |
GAD-7 ≥10 n (%) |
EPDS ≥13 & GAD-7 ≥10 n (%) |
|
| Overall | 889 (26.7) | 665 (20.0) | 504 (15.2) | 1288 (32.7) | 1049 (26.6) | 799 (20.3) |
| Brazil | 101 (37.7) | 92 (34.3) | 72 (26.9) | 282 (47.2) | 250 (41.9) | 197 (33.0) |
| Chile | 60 (34.9) | 62 (36.0) | 47 (27.3) | 92 (33.8) | 113 (41.5) | 76 (27.9) |
| Cyprus | 40 (18.2) | 30 (13.6) | 19 (8.6) | 56 (22.5) | 40 (16.1) | 28 (11.2) |
| Greece | 64 (19.0) | 51 (15.1) | 30 (8.9) | 90 (23.9) | 96 (25.5) | 66 (17.6) |
| Israel | 60 (27.5) | 33 (15.2) | 27 (12.4) | 69 (20.6) | 41 (12.3) | 31 (9.3) |
| Portugal | 183 (24.3) | 149 (19.8) | 115 (15.3) | 188 (28.1) | 151 (22.6) | 116 (17.3) |
| Spain | 93 (26.3) | 104 (29.5) | 69 (19.5) | 159 (33.5) | 160 (33.7) | 113 (23.8) |
| Turkey | 225 (27.9) | 102 (12.7) | 86 (10.7) | 216 (34.8) | 101 (16.3) | 91 (14.7) |
| UK | 63 (31.7) | 42 (21.1) | 39 (19.6) | 136 (39.3) | 97 (28.0) | 81 (23.4) |
EPDS = Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale; GAD-7 = Generalized Anxiety Disorder Screener; UK = United Kingdom. Sample sizes in the pregnant women group: EPDS valid data: n = 3326; GAD-7 valid data: n = 3325; sample sizes in the postpartum women group: EPDS valid data: n = 3939; GAD-7 valid data: n = 3937.