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Meso-parameters of the parallel bonding model in the numerical simulations.
| Linear or parallel connection elastic modulus (GPa) | Linear or parallel bond stiffness ratio | Bonding distance (mm) | Contact friction coefficient | Average contact tensile strength (MPa) | Standard deviation of contact tensile strength (MPa) | Standard deviation of contact cohesion (MPa) | Average contact cohesion (MPa) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 10 | 5 | 5 | 10 |
