TABLE 1.

Echocardiographic studies to detect RT-induced cardiotoxicity.

Study	Cancer type	Therapy	No. of patients	Main findings
Erven et al. (21)	Breast cancer	RT + CTx	75	GLS in left-sided breast cancer declined immediately after RT and remained impaired during 14-month follow-up. No change in LVEF.
Tuohinen et al. (22)	Breast cancer	RT	81	A significant reduction in LVEF and GLS 3 years after RT. 27% of patients had > 15% relative reduction in GLS.
Trivedi et al. (23)	Breast cancer	RT	40	A significant reduction in GLS and LV S’ velocity at 12 months after RT, no change in LVEF.
Walker et al. (24)	Breast cancer	RT	79	A > 10% relative reduction in GLS 6 months after RT was associated with RT dose (LV volume exposed to ≥ 20 Gy).
Trivedi et al. (25)	Breast cancer	RT	61	Impaired segmental longitudinal strain correlated with segmental distribution of the received radiation dose.
Walker et al. (26)	Breast cancer	RT	64	Longitudinal strain after RT decreased primarily in the endocardial layer.
Yu et al. (27)	Breast cancer	RT + CTx	47	No change in GLS, GCS, and GRS at 6 months after RT.
Heggemann et al. (28)	Breast cancer	RT ± CTx	49	A decrease in GLS at 6 and 12 months after RT, followed by a return to baseline values at 24 months after RT.
Saiki et al. (29)	Breast cancer	RT ± CTx	170	The predominant form of HF after contemporary RT was HFpEF. The relative risk of HFpEF increased with increasing cardiac radiation exposure.
Sritharan et al. (31)	Breast cancer	RT	40	Impaired early and late global diastolic strain rate 6 weeks after RT. No change in traditional diastolic parameters.
Tuohinen et al. (32)	Breast cancer	RT	60	Impaired early global diastolic strain rate in apical and anteroseptal segments 3 years after RT, even in patients with preserved GLS.
Christiansen et al. (33)	Childhood cancer	RT and/or CTx	246	Impaired RV systolic function (FAC, TAPSE, S’ velocity, free wall strain) at 21.7 years after therapy compared to matched controls.
Murbraech et al. (34)	Lymphoma	CTx ± RT	274	Impaired RV systolic function (FAC, TAPSE, S’ velocity, global and free wall strain) at 13 ± 6 years after therapy among patients treated with high-dose cardiac RT compared to patient receiving chemotherapy alone.
Chen et al. (35)	Non−small cell lung cancer	RT + CTx	128	A significant reduction in RV global and free wall strain 6 month after therapy. RV free wall strain was independent predictor of all-cause mortality.
Tuohinen et al. (36)	Breast cancer	RT	49	A significant reduction in TAPSE immediately after RT.

CTx, chemotherapy; FAC, fractional area change; GCS, global circumferential strain; GLS, global longitudinal strain; GRS, global radial strain; HF, heart failure; HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; LV, left ventricular; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; RT, radiotherapy; RV, right ventricular; TAPSE, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion.