TABLE 2.
Prevalence of EPVS and WMH across all groups.
| Control (n = 73) | PSP-RS (n = 39) | CBS (n = 31) | bvFTD (n = 47) | nfvPPA (n = 36) | svPPA (n = 37) | p-value | |
| CSO-EPVS level | 0.063 | ||||||
| 1 | 0 (0) | 5 (12.8) | 5 (16.1) | 9 (19.1) | 3 (8.3) | 4 (10.8) | |
| 2 | 22 (30.1) | 9 (23.1) | 11 (35.5) | 16 (34.0) | 14 (38.9) | 12 (32.4) | |
| 3 | 38 (52.1) | 20 (51.3) | 15 (48.4) | 18 (38.3) | 17 (47.2) | 17 (45.9) | |
| 4 | 13 (17.8) | 5 (12.8) | 0 (0) | 4 (8.5) | 2 (5.6) | 4 (10.8) | |
| CSO-EPVS number | 26.30 (10.51) | 24.64 (11.84) | 19.10 (8.80)a | 21.28 (10.91)a | 21.44 (9.38)a | 23.35 (11.05) | 0.001 |
| BG-EPVS level | <0.001 | ||||||
| 1 | 55 (75.3) | 13 (33.3) | 16 (51.6) | 27 (57.4) | 22 (61.1) | 32 (86.5) | |
| 2 | 17 (23.3) | 25 (64.1) | 14 (45.2) | 20 (42.6) | 13 (36.1) | 4 (10.8) | |
| 3 | 1 (1.4) | 1 (2.6) | 1 (3.2) | 0 (0) | 1 (2.8) | 1 (2.7) | |
| BG-EPVS number | 7.97 (2.86) | 11.64 (4.52)a | 10.03 (3.84) | 9.26 (3.27) | 9.47 (4.21)b | 7.65 (3.28)bcd | <0.001 |
| BS-EPVS number | 4.85 (1.82) | 6.64 (3.34)a | 6.45 (2.79)a | 5.21 (2.21) | 4.69 (2.66)bcd | 5.68 (2.37)e | <0.001 |
| PWMH level | 0.010 | ||||||
| 0 | 16 (21.9) | 4 (10.3) | 2 (6.5) | 1 (2.1) | 2 (5.6) | 1 (2.7) | |
| 1 | 41 (56.2) | 19 (48.7) | 19 (61.3) | 27 (57.4) | 15 (41.7) | 20 (54.1) | |
| 2 | 12 (16.4) | 6 (15.4) | 6 (19.4) | 11 (23.4) | 11 (30.6) | 10 (27.0) | |
| 3 | 4 (5.5) | 10 (25.6) | 4 (12.9) | 8 (17.0) | 8 (22.2) | 6 (16.2) | |
| Severe PWMH, n (%) | 15 (20.5) | 16 (41.0)a | 10 (32.3) | 19 (40.4)a | 19 (52.8)a | 16 (43.2)a | 0.017 |
| DWMH level | 0.149 | ||||||
| 0 | 23 (31.5) | 6 (15.4) | 3 (9.7) | 12 (25.5) | 9 (25.0) | 6 (16.2) | |
| 1 | 35 (47.9) | 17 (43.6) | 21 (67.7) | 24 (51.1) | 21 (58.3) | 22 (59.5) | |
| 2 | 9 (12.3) | 11 (28.2) | 7 (22.6) | 6 (12.8) | 5 (13.9) | 5 (13.5) | |
| 3 | 6 (8.2) | 5 (12.8) | 0 (0) | 5 (10.6) | 1 (2.8) | 4 (10.8) | |
| Severe DWMH, n (%) | 15 (20.5) | 16 (41.0) | 7 (22.6) | 11 (23.4) | 6 (16.7) | 9 (24.3) | 0.174 |
| WMH volume (cm3) | 1.46 (2.44) | 5.21 (6.23)a | 3.19 (3.72) | 4.98 (6.06)ac | 3.26 (4.06)d | 4.21 (6.96)a | <0.001 |
| TIV (dm3) | 1.926 (0.198) | 1.895 (0.189) | 1.808 (0.267) a | 1.854 (0.305)a | 1.776 (0.412)ab | 1.901 (0.178) | <0.001 |
PSP-RS, progressive supranuclear palsy Richardson’s syndrome; CBS, corticobasal syndrome; bvFTD, behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia; nfvPPA, non-fluent variant primary progressive aphasia; svPPA, semantic variant primary progressive aphasia; CSO, centrum semiovale; BG, basal ganglia; BS, brain stem; EPVS, enlarged perivascular spaces; PWMH, periventricular white matter hyperintensities; DWMH, deep white matter hyperintensities; TIV, total intracranial volume. Values are reported as mean (SD) for the continuous variables and as frequency (%) for the categorical variables. Analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) adjusting for age, sex, education years, and TIV was used to examine group differences in WMH and EPVS. ap < 0.05 compared with control group, bp < 0.05 compared with PSP-RS group, cp < 0.05 compared with CBS group, dp < 0.05 compared with bvFTD group, ep < 0.05 compared with nfvPPA group. Post hoc multiple comparisons were done with Bonferroni test.