Table 1.

Experimental studies of probiotics in cervical cancer.

Probiotics	Sources	Cell line	Results	Ref.
Lactobacillus plantarum 5BL	Vaginal secretions	HeLa	Lactobacillus can inhibit the activity of HeLa cells.	Nami et al., 2014
Lactobacillus gasseri and Lactobacillus crispatus	Commercial probiotics	HeLa	Supernatant of Lactobacillus is cytotoxic to cervical cancer cells.	Motevaseli et al., 2013
Lactobacillus gasseri	Vaginal secretions	HeLa	L. gasseri inhibits Hela cell proliferation and shows anti-inflammatory by reducing TNF-α.	Sungur et al., 2017
Bifidobacterium adolescentis SPM1005-A	Fecal samples	SiHa	Bifidobacterium can inhibit the expression of E6 and E7 oncogenes in SiHa cells.	Cha et al., 2012
Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus crispatus	Commercial probiotics	HeLa	Supernatants of these two Lactobacilli were cytotoxic to HeLa cells.	Nouri et al., 2016
Lactobacillus crispatus, L. jensenii, and L. gasseri	Commercial probiotics	Caski	Supernatant of Lactobacillus inhibits cervical cancer cells by regulating HPV oncogenes and cell cycle related genes.	Wang et al., 2018
Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus paracasei	Human breast milk	HeLa	Supernatant of Lactobacillus inhibits HeLa cells by regulating the expression of apoptotic genes.	Riaz Rajoka et al., 2018
Lactobacillus DM8909	Laboratory culture	HeLa and U14	Lactobacillus can inhibit HeLa and U14 cell migration by upregulating E-cadherin expression.	Li et al., 2017
Lactobacillus crispatus and Lactobacillus rhamnosus	Commercial probiotics	HeLa	Probiotic supernatant can inhibit the proliferation of HeLa cells by down regulating HPV oncogene.	Motevaseli et al., 2016