TABLE 6.
Experimental pain measures and physical performance measures.
| Domains and variables | Active group (n = 11) |
Sham group (n = 10) |
||
| Baseline | Post-intervention | Baseline | Post-intervention | |
| Quantitative sensory testing measures | ||||
| Vibration detection threshold | ||||
| Symptomatic score/8 | 4.5 (1.4) | 4.2 (1) | 4.9 (1.6) | 4.6 (1.5) |
| Asymptomatic score/8 | 4.4 (1.1) | 4 (1) | 5.2 (1.5) | 4.7 (1.3) |
| Mechanical temporal summation | ||||
| MTS-Symptomatic VAS change scores | 16.8 (18.4) | 15.8 (17.3) | 7.9 (9.5) | 13.6 (20) |
| MTS-Asymptomatic VAS change scores | 11.2 (10.6) | 14.9 (17.3) | 6.3 (11.8) | 12.6 (16.6) |
| MTS-Dorsal wrist VAS change scores | 5.3 (9.8) | 6.2 (5.3) | 3.8 (9.3) | 4.2 (6.7) |
| MTS-Tibialis anterior VAS change scores | 12.4 (13.5) | 17.7 (22) | 7.1 (11.9) | 11.7 (14.2) |
| Pressure pain threshold, M (SD) | ||||
| PPT-Symptomatic (kPa) | 232.9 (123.8) | 254.8 (135.2) | 291.9 (219.6) | 354.7 (238.1) |
| PPT-Asymptomatic (kPa) | 228.6 (103.6) | 216 (104.8) | 308.4 (213.5) | 352.1 (261.9) |
| PPT-Dorsal wrist (kPa) | 289.7 (170.3) | 256.1 (115.6) | 281.8 (137.6) | 515.2 (673.1) |
| PPT-Tibialis anterior (kPa) | 270.9 (96.3) | 242.3 (116.6) | 301.5 (181.8) | 318.3 (159.2) |
| PPT-Thumb nail (kPa) | 227.9 (71.3) | 213.3 (89.3) | 285.5 (167.6) | 300.9 (192) |
| Cold hyperalgesia, M (SD) | ||||
| PVAS-Symptomatic | 52.3 (28.6) | 35.2 (16.8) | 32.7 (19.1) | 27.7 (22.8) |
| PVAS-Asymptomatic | 48.6 (29.6) | 34.5 (14.8) | 31.2 (18.8) | 28.9 (20.6) |
| Conditioned pain modulation, M (SD) | ||||
| CPM30 s % change scores (PPT-P4 at 30 s—PPT-p4 preconditioning score) | 14 (40.1) | 13.9 (17.1) | 13.2 (28.4) | 27.4 (32.2) |
| CPM60 s % change scores (PPT-P4 at 60 s—PPT-p4 preconditioning score) | 20.3 (41.4) | 6.8 (21.5) | −14.5 (21.7) | 25.1 (31) |
| CPM90 s % change scores (PPT-P4 at 90 s—PPT-p4 preconditioning score) | 22.7 (40.9) | 7.4 (11.5) | −0.8 (21) | 17.9 (26.1) |
| Tactile acuity and motor imagery performance | ||||
| Body schema integrity, M (SD) | ||||
| Time (seconds) | ||||
| Left | 2.1 (0.5) | 2.3 (0.4) | 2.4 (0.4) | 2.1 (0.3) |
| Right | 2.4 (0.6) | 2.3 (0.4) | 2.3 (0.4) | 2.2 (0.4) |
| Accuracy (percentage) | ||||
| Left | 65.8 (11.7) | 74.2 (9.6) | 71.3 (16.6) | 70.3 (10.9) |
| Right | 72.7 (13.2) | 73 (9.2) | 70 (15.3) | 72.7 (8.3) |
| Two-point discrimination (cm), M (SD) | ||||
| Symptomatic | 4.7 (2) | 3.8 (1.3) | 5.5 (2) | 5.1 (1.3) |
| Asymptomatic | 4.2 (1.8) | 3.6 (1) | 3.8 (1.8) | 4.4 (1.3) |
| Sensitivity to physical activity | ||||
| Discomfort (Peak discomfort-baseline) | 3.6 (2.5) | 2.9 (2.6) | 2.4 (2.3) | 1.7 (1.8) |
| Distance in meters | 454.3 (131.4) | 425.5 (131.2) | 446 (60.3) | 445.4 (116.9) |
| Physical performamce-30 s chair stand, M (SD) | 9.5 (2.7) | 10.5 (3.4) | 11.1 (2.7) | 12.7 (3.6) |