Table III.
Histopathological analysis of psoriasis on the leg (PL) vs psoriasis on the trunk (PT)
| Scorea–c | PL n = 39 (100%) |
PT n = 36 (100%) |
PL vs PT p-value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | ||
| Hyperkeratosis | 5 (13) | 26 (67) | 8 (21) | 0 (0) | 5 (14) | 26 (72) | 5 (14) | 0 (0) | 0.54 |
| Cornified layer compact | 5 (13) | 26 (67) | 8 (21) | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 31 (86) | 4 (11) | 0 (0) | 0.11 |
| Parakeratosis, quantitative | 8 (21) | 23 (59) | 8 (21) | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 31 (86) | 4 (11) | 0 (0) | 0.53 |
| Parakeratosis, confluent | 4 (10) | 6 (15) | 11 (28) | 18 (46) | 0 (0) | 8 (22) | 10 (28) | 18 (50) | 0.58 |
| Parakeratosis, staggered | 4 (10) | 23 (59) | 8 (21) | 4 (10) | 0 (0) | 23 (64) | 13 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.48 |
| Parakeratosis, focal | 2 (6) | 12 (31) | 17 (44) | 8 (20) | 0 (0) | 13 (36) | 15 (42) | 8 (22) | 0.83 |
| Neutrophils in cornified layer | 9 (23) | 14 (36) | 9 (23) | 7 (18) | 4 (11) | 19 (53) | 7 (19) | 6 (17) | 0.82 |
| Bacterial colonization | 1 (3) | 1 (3) | 1 (3) | 36 (92) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 36 (100) | 0.92 |
| Hyphae or spores | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 38 (97) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 36 (100) | 034 |
| Scale-crusts | 1 (3) | 5 (13) | 11 (28) | 22 (56) | 1 (3) | 3 (8) | 5 (14) | 27 (75) | 0.65 |
| Stratum granulosum, focal | 2 (5) | 12 (31) | 17 (44) | 8 (21) | 0 (0) | 13 (36) | 15 (42) | 8 (22) | 0.83 |
| Stratum granulosum, confluent | 1 (3) | 5 (13) | 3 (8) | 30 (77) | 1 (3) | 4 (11) | 1 (3) | 30 (83) | 0.54 |
| Epidermal hyperplasia, quantitativeb | 8 (21) | 20 (51) | 11 (28) | 0 (0) | 18 (50) | 16 (44) | 2 (6) | 0 (0) | 0.001 |
| Epidermal hyperplasia, regularc | – | 46% | – | 44% | – | 69% | – | 31% | 0.042 |
| Epidermal hyperplasia, irregularc | – | 25% | – | 75% | – | 8% | – | 92% | 0.07 |
| Epidermal hyperplasia, regular and irregular, alternatingc | – | 28% | – | 72% | – | 22% | – | 78% | 0.55 |
| Club-shaped rete ridges | 1 (3) | 7 (18) | 19 (49) | 12 (31) | 0 (0) | 10 (28) | 23 (64) | 3 (8) | 0.66 |
| Thin rete ridges | 6 (15) | 10 (26) | 6 (15) | 17 (44) | 4 (11) | 15 (42) | 10 (28) | 7 (19) | 0.18 |
| Suprapapillary thinning | 4 (10) | 7 (18) | 9 (23) | 19 (49) | 7 (19) | 14 (39) | 14 (39) | 1 (3) | 0.001 |
| Mitoses basal | 0 (0) | 8 (21) | 24 (62) | 7 (18) | 0 (0) | 6 (17) | 25 (69) | 5 (14) | 0.99 |
| Mitoses suprabasal | 0 (0) | 2 (6) | 21 (54) | 16 (41) | 0 (0) | 5 (14) | 18 (50) | 13 (36) | 0.41 |
| Spongiosis, focal (suprapapillary) | 1 (3) | 11 (28) | 23 (59) | 4 (10) | 0 (0) | 8 (22) | 18 (50) | 10 (28) | 0.93 |
| Spongiosis, confluent (suprapapillary and within rete ridges) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 4 (10) | 35 (90) | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 1 (3) | 34 (94) | 0.48 |
| Intraepidermal inflammatory cells, overall | 1 (3) | 14 (36) | 24 (62) | 0 (0) | 3 (8) | 20 (56) | 13 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.23 |
| Intraepidermal lymphocytes | 0 (0) | 12 (31) | 27 (69) | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 22 (61) | 13 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.04 |
| Intraepidermal neutrophils | 0 (0) | 14 (36) | 23 (59) | 2 (6) | 2 (6) | 18 (50) | 14 (39) | 2 (6) | 0.90 |
| Intraepidermal eosinophils | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 38 (97) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 35 (97) | 0.97 |
| Neutrophilic spongiosis | 0 (0) | 3 (8) | 5 (13) | 31 (79) | 0 (0) | 2 (6) | 0 (0) | 34 (94) | 0.72 |
| Eosinophilic spongiosis | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 39 (100) | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 35 (97) | 0.29 |
| Necrotic keratinocytes, stratum basale | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (6) | 37 (95) | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 2 (6) | 33 (92) | 0.56 |
| Necrotic keratinocytes, suprabasal | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 6 (15) | 32 (82) | 0 (0) | 5 (14) | 3 (8) | 28 (78) | 0.51 |
| Intraepidermal erythrocytes | 0 (0) | 2 (6) | 2 (6) | 35 (90) | 0 (0) | 2 (6) | 1 (3) | 33 (92) | 0.8 |
| Colloid bodies | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 39 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 36 (100) | 1.0 |
| Vacuoles basal membrane zone | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 4 (10) | 34 (87) | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 1 (3) | 34 (94) | 0.30 |
| Follicular involvement | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 3 (8) | 10 (26) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 17 (47) | 0.74 |
| Sweat gland involvement | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 5 (13) | 33 (87) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 35 (100) | 0.03 |
| Inflammation, superficial perivascular | 1 (3) | 19 (49) | 19 (49) | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 15 (42) | 20 (56) | 0 (0) | 0.58 |
| Inflammation deep, perivascular | 0 (0) | 3 (8) | 10 (26) | 26 (67) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (6) | 34 (94) | 0.003 |
| Inflammation, interstitial | 0 (0) | 3 (8) | 24 (62) | 12 (31) | 0 (0) | 2 (6) | 22 (61) | 12 (33) | 0.74 |
| Inflammation, band-like | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (5) | 37 (95) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 36 (100) | 0.17 |
| Lymphocytes | 1 (3) | 35 (90) | 3 (8) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 34 (94) | 2 (6) | 0 (0) | 0.96 |
| Neutrophils | 1 (3) | 16 (41) | 22 (56) | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 19 (53) | 16 (44) | 0 (0) | 0.32 |
| Eosinophils | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 10 (26) | 28 (72) | 1 (3) | 2 (6) | 2 (6) | 31 (86) | 0.20 |
| Plasma cells | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 8 (21) | 30 (77) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 9 (25) | 27 (75) | 0.90 |
| Macrophages | 0 (0) | 24 (62) | 15 (38) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 26 (72) | 9 (25) | 1 (3) | 0.38 |
| Melanophages | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 39 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (6) | 34 (94) | 0.14 |
| Siderophages | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 38 (97) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (6) | 34 (94) | 0.51 |
| Erythrocyte extravasation | 2 (5) | 15 (38) | 10 (26) | 12 (31) | 0 (0) | 11 (30) | 15 (42) | 10 (28) | 0.48 |
| Blood vessels, dilated, overall | 1 (3) | 27 (69) | 11 (28) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 16 (44) | 19 (53) | 1 (3) | 0.12 |
| Dilated capillaries in dermal papillae | 5 (13) | 28 (72) | 5 (13) | 1 (3) | 2 (6) | 30 (83) | 4 (11) | 0 (0) | 0.83 |
| Vessels with close contact to basal keratinocytes (‘kissing vessels’) | 5 (13) | 18 (46) | 12 (31) | 4 (10) | 8 (22) | 24 (67) | 3 (8) | 1 (3) | 0.009 |
| Increased number of vessels papillary dermis | 2 (6) | 27 (69) | 9 (23) | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 15 (42) | 18 (50) | 3 (8) | 0.003 |
| Increased number of vessels reticular dermis | 1 (3) | 13 (33) | 15 (38) | 10 (26) | 0 (0) | 2 (6) | 5 (14) | 29 (81) | 0.001 |
| Thick-walled vessels, papillary dermis | 0 (0) | 16 (41) | 23 (59) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (6) | 10 (28) | 24 (67) | 0.001 |
| Thick-walled vessels, reticular dermis | 0 (0) | 7 (18) | 16 (41) | 16 (41) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 35 (97) | 0.001 |
| Thick-walled vessels, subcutis | 0 (0) | 3 (9) | 3 (9) | 28 (82) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 34 (97) | 0.04 |
| Lipodermatosclerosis | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 6 (15) | 29 (74) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 35 (97) | 0.05 |
| Papillary oedema | 0 (0) | 3 (8) | 10 (26) | 26 (67) | 1 (3) | 7 (19) | 19 (53) | 9 (25) | 0.001 |
| Papillary fibrosis “vertical streaks” | 0 (0) | 7 (18) | 12 (31) | 20 (51) | 1 (3) | 2 (6) | 14 (39) | 19 (53) | 0.66 |
| Fibrosis reticular dermis | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 5 (13) | 33 (85) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 36 (100) | 0.15 |
| Fibrosis subcutis | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 2 (6) | 29 (74) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 36 (100) | 0.99 |
a
Semi-quantitative scores: 1=strongly present, 2=Present, 3=weakly present, 4=not present.
b
Quantitative score for hyperplasia: >0.4 mm=strongly present, 0.4–0.2 mm=present, < 0.2=weakly present.
c
Dichotomous score: 2=present, 4=not present.
Bold indicates statistically significant p < 0.05.