Table 2.
Post hoc analysis (pairwise comparisons) results of ankle, knee, and hip moments for YS and OS. The ankle and hip moments are shown in both the sagittal and frontal planes, while the knee moment is only presented in the sagittal plane
| Variable | Group | normal gait vs slipping_Rec1 | normal gait vs stumbling_Rec1 | slipping_Rec1 vs stumbling_Rec1 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| t* | n | cluster location | p-values | t* | n | cluster location | p-values | t* | n | cluster location | p-values | ||
| Sagittal ankle moment | YS | 4.076 | 2 | 0–4.42% | p < 0.001 | 4.125 | 1 | 49.1–54.29% | p < 0.001 | 4.109 | 2 | 3.91–5.56% | p = 0.009 |
| 23.67–51.83% | p < 0.001 | 23.48–46.04% | p < 0.001 | ||||||||||
| OS | 4.082 | 3 | 0–4.34% | p < 0.001 | 4.140 | 3 | 0.86–8.09% | p < 0.001 | 4.105 | 3 | 0–6.07% | p < 0.001 | |
| 8.73–11.07% | p = 0.006 | 36.9–39.01% | p = 0.005 | 9.58–14.4% | p < 0.001 | ||||||||
| 22.19–59.44% | p < 0.001 | 52.16–55.52% | p = 0.001 | 25.38–49.48% | p < 0.001 | ||||||||
| Frontal ankle moment | YS | 3.993 | - | - | - | 4.042 | - | - | - | 4.014 | - | - | - |
| OS | 4.024 | 2 | 0–4.48% | p = 0.001 | 4.103 | 2 | 0–1.53% | p = 0.01 | 4.070 | 2 | 0–6.51% | p < 0.001 | |
| 51.79–61.78% | p < 0.001 | 3.01–8.81% | p < 0.001 | 50.01–60.53% | p < 0.001 | ||||||||
| Sagittal knee moment | YS | 3.980 | 3 | 21.59–28.68% | p < 0.001 | 4.042 | _ | _ | _ | 4.027 | 3 | 8.836–13.65% | p = 0.001 |
| 31.69–48.98% | p < 0.001 | 36.46–38.02% | p = 0.012 | ||||||||||
| 66.79–70.58% | p = 0.004 | 45.55–48.44% | p = 0.005 | ||||||||||
| OS | 3.987 | 3 | 12.43–19.48% | p < 0.001 | 4.080 | 2 | 25.32–29.41% | p = 0.001 | 4.049 | 2 | 4.14–17.51% | p < 0.001 | |
| 23.61–50.55% | p < 0.001 | ||||||||||||
| 66.94–73.26% | p < 0.001 | 91.66–95.63% | p = 0.001 | 32–53.1% | p < 0.001 | ||||||||
| Sagittal hip moment | YS | 4.088 | 1 | 4.21–14.99% | p < 0.001 | 4.076 | 2 | 9.58–12.59% | p = 0.003 | 4.07 | 1 | 1.79–17.54% | p < 0.001 |
| 46.31–51.91% | p < 0.001 | ||||||||||||
| OS | 3.982 | 1 | 0–20.33% | p < 0.001 | 4.085 | 5 | 5.37–15.29% | p < 0.001 | 4.052 | 2 | 1.36–17.72% | p < 0.001 | |
| 37.8–38.14% | p = 0.017 | ||||||||||||
| 42.79–44.63% | p = 0.009 | ||||||||||||
| 46.18–52.43% | p < 0.001 | 33.47–51.49% | p < 0.001 | ||||||||||
| 61.56–63.21% | p = 0.001 | ||||||||||||
| Frontal hip moment | YS | 3.984 | _ | _ | _ | 4.020 | 2 | 11.55–21.57% | p < 0.001 | 4.014 | 1 | 9.49–24.68% | p < 0.001 |
| 46.78–55.03% | p < 0.001 | ||||||||||||
| OS | 3.944 | 1 | 6.19–25.03% | p < 0.001 | 4.025 | 2 | 0–1.58% | p = 0.012 | 4.003 | 2 | 0–1.58% | p = 0.012 | |
| 10.95–18.25% | p < 0.001 | 7.00–23.68% | p < 0.001 | ||||||||||
Presented are the t-threshold (t*), the number of clusters (n) and the location of cluster occurrences throughout the gait cycle, and the p-value for each cluster in the post hoc analysis. Non-significant results are indicated by small horizontal lines (-)