Table 1.
Information and characteristics of included studies.
| Author | Study Location | Study Design | Type of Disability | Definition of Disability | Type of Screening | Participants | Age Range (Years) | Follow up Time | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| With Disability | Without Disability | ||||||||
| Cobigo et al. (2013) [36] | Canada | Cohort | Learning | Intellectual developmental disabilities based on the ICD-10. | Both | 17,777 | 1,440,962 | 20–69 | Breast: 2 years, Cervix: 3 years |
| Horner-Johnson et al. (2015) [37] | USA | Cohort | Functional | Presence of limitations in basic actions involving physical functions, vision, hearing, or cognition. | Both | 10,985 (urban), 3108 (rural) | 42,834 (urban), 8579 (rural) | Breast: 40–64, Cervix: 18–64 |
6 years |
| Ko et al. (2011) [22] | South Korea | Cross-sectional | Physical and psychosocial. | ICF: Physical, internal organ, and mental. | Both | 23,511 | 11,660 | 42–69 | 2 years |
| Kushalnagar. (2019) [38] | USA | Cross-sectional | Hearing | Functional hearing impairment. | Both | Breast: 324 Cervix: 529 |
Breast: 1086 Cervix: 1119 |
Breast: 40–74 Cervix: 21–65 |
n/a |
| Murphy et al. (2021) [34] | USA | Mixed methods, retrospective for quantitative; and qualitative. | Psychosocial | Serious mental illness (SMI): schizophrenia, bipolar depression, major depression. | Both | Breast 94,921 Cervix 274,643 |
Breast: 11,955,674 Cervix: 31,949,537 |
21–64 | 7 years |
| Osborn et al. (2012) [25] | UK | Cohort | Learning | General terms and related terms (e.g., autism, down syndrome, and Fragile X syndrome). | Both | Breast: 2956 Cervix: 6254 |
50,779 | Breast: 50–64 Cervix: 20–65 |
10 years |
| Steele et al. (2017) [19] | USA | Cross-sectional | Physical and functional. | Self-report of disability. | Both | 2580 | 12,499 | 21–75 | n/a |
| Woodhead et al. (2016) [26] | UK | Cross-sectional | Psychosocial | Serious mental illness based on ICD-10 diagnosis. | Both | Breast: 625, Cervix: 1393 |
Breast: 25,385, Cervix: 106,554 |
Breast: 50–70, Cervix: 25–64 |
n/a |
| Xu et al. (2017) [39] | USA | Cohort | Visual | Clinical diagnosis of visual impairment. | Both | Breast: 1308, Cervix: 1247 | Breast: 2635, Cervix: 2483 |
Breast: 40–74, Cervix: 20–74 |
11 years |
| Assi et al. (2020) [23] | USA | Cross-sectional | Visual | Self-reported visual impairments. | Breast | 1915 | 10,205 | 50–74 | n/a |
| Caban et al. (2011) [40] | USA | Cohort | Functional and psychosocial. | Reported functional limitations of activity of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). | Breast | 2281 | 2329 | >65 | 2 years |
| Courtney-Long et al. (2011) [41] | USA | Cross-sectional | Physical and functional. | Self-report of disability. | Breast | 64,905 | 130,394 | 40–74 | 2 years |
| Fioravante et al. (2021) [21] | USA | Cross-sectional | Hearing | Functional hearing loss. | Breast | 2123 | 10,067 | 50–74 | n/a |
| Floud et al. (2017) [9] | UK | Cohort | Functional (including psychological) and physical. | Self-report of disability. | Breast | 109,869 | 363,316 | 50–70 | 5 years |
| Guilcher et al. (2014) [42] | Canada | Cohort | Physical and functional. | Morbidity: presence of limiting disease, e.g., arthritis, hypertension. | Breast | 4660 | 5703 | 50–69 | 2 years |
| Jensen et al. (2016) [33] | Denmark | Cohort | Psychosocial | Schizophrenia, affective disorders, eating disorder. | Breast | 47,648 | 96,616 | 50–69 | Up to 10 years |
| Ross et al. (2020) [6] | Northern Ireland | Cohort | Physical and psychosocial. | Self-report of disability. | Breast | 20,541 | 36,787 | 48–70 | 1 year |
| Ross et al. (2020) [28] | Northern Ireland | Cohort | Psychosocial | Chronic poor mental health. | Breast | 6162 | 51,166 | 50–70 | 4 years |
| Ross et al. (2021) [27] | Northern Ireland | Cohort | Psychosocial | Record of psychotropic prescription. | Breast | 17,521 | 39,807 | 50–70 | 3 years |
| Sakellariou and Rotarou. (2019) [20] | UK | Cross-sectional | Physical | Lower limb impairment. | Breast | 2697 | 6794 | 20–70+ | n/a |
| Shin et al. (2020) [43] | South Korea | Cohort | Physical and psychosocial. | Diagnosis of disability by healthcare professional. | Breast | 419,376 | 5,864,247 | >40 | 10 years |
| Koroukian et al. (2012) [35] | USA | Cohort | Psychosocial | Morbidity: presence of limiting disease, e.g., arthritis, hypertension. | Breast | 61,661 | 68,427 | 50–64 | n/a |
| Wu et al. (2021) [44] | USA | Cohort | Visual | Partial vision loss (PVL) and severe vision loss (SVL). | Breast | PVL: 348, SVL: 348 |
348 | 65–72 | 5 years |
| Abrams et al. (2012) [24] | USA | Cohort | Psychosocial | Psychosis (schizophrenia), substance use disorder, bipolar disorder, or mania. | Cervical | 20,306 | 85,375 | 19–64 | 1 year |
| Brown et al. (2016) [30] | Canada | Cohort | Intellectual and developmental. | Clinical diagnosis of intellectual and developmental disabilities. | Cervical | 5033 | 527,437 | 20–64 | n/a |
| Eriksson et al. (2019) [29] | Sweden | Cohort | Psychosocial | Psychiatric diagnosis. | Cervical | 65,292 | 341,171 | 23–60 | 5 years |
| Shin et al. (2018) [10] | South Korea | Cohort | Physical and functional. | Diagnosis of disability by healthcare professional. | Cervical | 426,189 | 7,376,529 | >50 | 10 years |
| Tuesley et al. (2019) [32] | Australia | Cohort | Psychosocial | Classified as serious mental illnesses, based on prescriptions in the last 12 months. | Cervical | 18,363 | 899,777 | 18–69 | 10 years |
| Weitlauf et al. (2013) [31] | USA | Cohort | Psychosocial | PTSD and depression based on clinical diagnosis ICD 9. | Cervical | 17,295 | 16,828 | 18–65 | 1 year |
Breast: breast cancer screening. Cervix: cervical cancer screening.