Table 1.

Philippine Health System: Overview of Basic Statistics.

Features	Figures (as Indicated)
Current Health Expenditures-CHE (NHA 2020 in [8])	5.6% of GDP	Growth Rate of (CHE)
		2019–2020	12.6%
		2018–2019	10.2%
Health financing (NHA: 2020 in [8])-households (out of pocket)	44.7%	Government and Compulsory Schemes	45.7%
Distribution of Household Out of pocket Expenses (NHA: 2020 in [8])	43.8% hospitals	28.2% drugs, pharmacies	9.0% preventive care
UHC Coverage Index (WHO and World Bank data in [10])	55%
HC Utilization by households (DHS: 2017 in [11])	8% of household population sought care past 30 days	59% sought from public medical facilities	40% sought care from private medical facilities
Health service delivery (Dayrit et al., 2018 in [12])	1224 Hospital facilities, 64% private and 35% public in 2016; 66% located in main island	2587 city/rural health centers, 20,216 village health stations In 2016	Two-thirds are level 1 hospitals, with 41 beds on average; 10% are level 3, with 318 beds on average
Health Human Resources (Philippine Statistical Yearbook/PSY, 2018 in [13])	83% of health and medical graduates in 2015–2016 were from private schools (HIT, 2018)	3131 doctors in govt service; 1875 Dentists; 5975 Nurses	17,112 Midwives
	Public sector employs 61% of nurses and 90% of midwives (HIT, 2018)		91% of Medical doctors and 74% of nurses work in hospitals (HiT,2018)
Health Governance	DOH as the overall policy setting of population-based care, and provision of regional hospital and specialist services; PhilHealth, the social insurance arm, as purchaser of personal-based care	LGUs as facility owners, managers and implementers of health programs and services	Local Health Boards as advisers to chief executives and local legislatures, with DoH representative

Abbreviations: DHS—Demographic Health Survey; DoH—Department of Health; NHA—National Health Accounts; CHE—Current Health Expenditures; GDP—Gross Domestic Product.