Table 1.
Baseline demographic features and rating scores of the subjects within the 2 arms.
| Intervention (n = 96) | Control (n = 78) | χ 2 | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frequency (%) | Frequency (%) | |||
| Age | 2.83 | 0.09 | ||
| 18–21 | 64 (66.67%) | 61 (78.21%) | ||
| 22–24 | 32 (33.33%) | 17 (21.79%) | ||
| Gender | 0.02 | 0.89 | ||
| Male | 28 (29.17%) | 22 (28.21%) | ||
| Female | 68 (70.83%) | 56 (71.79%) | ||
| Residential status | 2.56 | 0.28 | ||
| Singaporean | 90 (93.75%) | 68 (87.18%) | ||
| Permanent resident | 2 (2.08%) | 2 (2.56%) | ||
| Student pass | 4 (4.17%) | 8 (10.26%) | ||
| Ethnicity | 1.10 | 0.78 | ||
| Chinese | 87 (90.63%) | 68 (87.18%) | ||
| Malay | 2 (2.08%) | 1 (1.28%) | ||
| Indian | 6 (6.25%) | 8 (10.26%) | ||
| Others | 1 (1.04%) | 1 (1.28%) | ||
| Religion | 7.10 | 0.42 | ||
| Christian | 16 (16.67%) | 19 (24.36%) | ||
| Catholic | 9 (9.34%) | 3 (3.85%) | ||
| Buddhist | 25 (26.04%) | 18 (23.08%) | ||
| Taoism | 8 (8.33%) | 2 (2.56%) | ||
| Muslim | 2 (2.08%) | 3 (3.85%) | ||
| Hindu | 4 (4.17%) | 4 (5.13%) | ||
| Free-thinker | 28 (29.17%) | 27 (34.62%) | ||
| Others | 4 (4.17%) | 2 (2.56%) | ||
| Family/friends with mental health problems | 0.50 | 0.78 | ||
| Yes | 70 (72.92%) | 58 (74.36%) | ||
| No | 13 (13.54%) | 8 (10.26%) | ||
| Unsure | 13 (13.54%) | 12 (15.38%) | ||
| Personal experiences with mental health problems | 3.31 | 0.35 | ||
| Yes | 8 (8.33%) | 8 (10.26%) | ||
| No | 62 (64.58%) | 44 (56.41%) | ||
| Not sure did not seek help | 26 (27.08%) | 24 (30.77%) | ||
| Others | 0 | 2 (2.56%) | ||
| Contact with mental health professionals | 2.43 | 0.66 | ||
| Yes, for myself | 10 (10.42%) | 12 (15.38%) | ||
| Yes, for my friends/family | 10 (10.42%) | 4 (5.13%) | ||
| No | 67 (69.79%) | 55 (70.51%) | ||
| Yes, I know them personally | 7 (7.29%) | 5 (6.41%) | ||
| Others | 2 (2.08%) | 2 (2.56%) | ||
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | t | p | |
| Depression literacy | 11.8 (3.59) | 12.36 (3.17) | 1.07 | 0.29 |
| Anxiety literacy | 10.39 (3.83) | 10.44 (3.23) | 0.09 | 0.93 |
| Personal stigma (depression) | 16.55 (3.99) | 15.77 (3.79) | −1.31 | 0.19 |
| PWB | 86.64 (16.24) | 88.40 (13.78) | 0.76 | 0.45 |
| Stress | 20.19 (5.69) | 20.10 (6.43) | −0.09 | 0.93 |
p = p value, SD = Standard deviation, t = t statistic, χ2 = Chi square.