Table 1. – Socioeconomic status, clinical characteristics, and health literacy of participants (n=159).
| Characteristic | Overall (n=159) | p* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic | |||
| Age, mean±SD | - | 62.7±10.1 | - |
| Age, n (%) | Less than 65 years old | 91 (57.2) | 0.07 |
| 65 years old or older | 68 (42.8) | ||
| Sex, n (%) | Male | 96 (60.4) | <0.001 |
| Female | 62 (39.0) | ||
| Missing | 1 (0.6) | ||
| Marital status†, n (%) | Married | 106 (66.7) | <0.001 |
| Widower/widow | 21 (13.20 | ||
| Divorced | 18 (11.3) | ||
| Single | 13 (8.2) | ||
| Missing | 1 (0.6) | ||
| Number of people living in the same household, mean±SD | - | 2.5±1.2 | - |
| People living alone, n (%) | - | 26 (16.4) | - |
| Level of education, n (%) | Elementary school or less | 57 (35.8) | 0.07 |
| High school | 65 (40.9) | ||
| University degree | 37 (23.3) | ||
| Family income†, n (%) | Under or equal to 4 minimum wages per month | 106 (66.7) | <0.001 |
| Between 5 and 10 minimum wages per month | 31 (19.5) | ||
| Above 10 minimum wages per month | 22 (13.8) | ||
| Change in family income due to the COVID-19 pandemic | No change | 87 (54.7) | <0.001 |
| Lower income | 62 (39.0) | ||
| Higher income | 6 (3.8) | ||
| Missing | 4 (2.5) | ||
| Clinical | |||
| CR referral indication, n (% yes) | Coronary Artery Disease | 100 (62.9) | 0.04 |
| Heart Failure | 90 (56.6) | 0.10 | |
| Myocardial Infarction | 87 (54.7) | 0.23 | |
| Percutaneous Coronary Intervention | 84 (52.8) | 0.47 | |
| Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty | 68 (42.8) | 0.07 | |
| Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting | 46 (28.9) | <0.001 | |
| Peripheral Arterial Disease | 11 (6.9) | <0.001 | |
| Risk factors and comorbidities, n (% yes) | Hypertension | 107 (67.3) | <0.001 |
| Former smoker | 85 (53.5) | 0.05 | |
| Dyslipidemia | 70 (44.0) | 0.13 | |
| Diabetes Type II | 37 (23.3) | <0.001 | |
| Obesity | 31 (19.5) | <0.001 | |
| Stroke | 15 (9.4) | <0.001 | |
| Diabetes Type I | 9 (5.7) | <0.001 | |
| Cancer | 6 (3.8) | <0.001 | |
| Pacemaker | 5 (3.1) | <0.001 | |
| Taking prescribed medications, n (% yes) | - | 159 (100.0) | - |
| Duration of participation in CR before the program was closed due to COVID-19, n (% yes) | Less than 1 year | 35 (22.0) | <0.001 |
| More than 1 year | 121 (75.1) | ||
| Missing | 3 (1.9) | ||
| Literacy levels | |||
| Health literacy, mean±SD | 13.2±2.5 | - | |
| Health literacy classification‡, n (% yes) | Limited health literacy | 87 (54.7) | <0.001 |
| Marginal health literacy | 56 (35.2) | ||
| Adequate health literacy | 15 (9.4) | ||
| Missing | 1 (0.6) | ||
CR: cardiac rehabilitation; SD: standard deviation. *Chi-square analyses for categorical variables. †Family income in Brazil is characterized by minimum wages per month. One minimum wage is 1,100.00 BRL or 193.60 USD (April/2021). ‡ Health literacy classification: total scores from 4 to 12 indicate limited health literacy, 13 to 16 marginal health literacy, and 17 to 20 adequate health literacy.