Table 1.
The demographic and clinical characteristics in TBI patients and healthy controls.
| TBI (n = 32) | Healthy Controls (n = 23) | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD), y | 35.59 (10.64) | 33.35 (9.42) | 0.422 |
| Male, No. (%) | 22 (68.35%) | 16 (69.57%) | 0.949 |
| Educational lever, mean (SD), y | 9.22 (4.16) | 9.57 (3.89) | 0.756 |
| Time since injury, mean (SD), m | 8.41 (7.02) | NA | NA |
| GCS, No. (%) | |||
| 13–15 | 22 (68.75%) | NA | NA |
| 9–12 | 6 (12.89%) | NA | NA |
| 3–8 | 4 (12.50%) | NA | NA |
| MMSE, mean (SD) | 27.281 (2.57) | 29.26 (0.92) | 0.001 |
| HADS anxiety, mean (SD) | 8.63 (4.65) | 4.22 (2.43) | <0.001 |
| HADS depression, mean (SD) | 7.97 (5.96) | 3.09 (2.25) | <0.001 |
| Memory, mean (SD) | 40.31 (13.54) | 52.04 (7.10) | <0.001 |
TBI: traumatic brain injury; GCS: Glasgow coma scale; MMSE: mini mental state examination; HADS: hospital anxiety and depression scale; NA: not applicable.