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. 2022 Jul 29;11(15):4421. doi: 10.3390/jcm11154421

Table 1.

The demographic and clinical characteristics in TBI patients and healthy controls.

TBI (n = 32) Healthy Controls (n = 23) p Value
Age, mean (SD), y 35.59 (10.64) 33.35 (9.42) 0.422
Male, No. (%) 22 (68.35%) 16 (69.57%) 0.949
Educational lever, mean (SD), y 9.22 (4.16) 9.57 (3.89) 0.756
Time since injury, mean (SD), m 8.41 (7.02) NA NA
GCS, No. (%)
13–15 22 (68.75%) NA NA
9–12 6 (12.89%) NA NA
3–8 4 (12.50%) NA NA
MMSE, mean (SD) 27.281 (2.57) 29.26 (0.92) 0.001
HADS anxiety, mean (SD) 8.63 (4.65) 4.22 (2.43) <0.001
HADS depression, mean (SD) 7.97 (5.96) 3.09 (2.25) <0.001
Memory, mean (SD) 40.31 (13.54) 52.04 (7.10) <0.001

TBI: traumatic brain injury; GCS: Glasgow coma scale; MMSE: mini mental state examination; HADS: hospital anxiety and depression scale; NA: not applicable.