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. 2022 Jul 31;23(15):8510. doi: 10.3390/ijms23158510

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Degree of DNA damage induced by emodin and vinblastine. (A) HeLa cells treated for 24 h with emodin (40 and 80 µM), vinblastine (10 µM), and emodin and vinblastine (E 40 and 80 µM + 10 µM VBL) to induce DNA damage. Cells were stained with anti-phospho-histone H2A.X (Ser139) and anti-phospho-ATM (Ser1981) antibodies. (B) Percentage of cells with active ATM kinase. Data representative of three parallel experiments correspond to mean ± standard error (S.E.) values. Differences were statistically confirmed at: *** p < 0.001.