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. 2022 Jul 29;23(15):8433. doi: 10.3390/ijms23158433

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Oral administration of broccoli sprout and mustard activates NRF2 target genes in the intestine and liver. C57BL/6J mice were treated control diet (Ctrl) or diet supplemented with 0.3% (w/w) glucoraphanin (sulforaphane glucosinolate, SGS), 1% (w/w) mustard (M), or both 0.3% (w/w) SGS and 1% (w/w) mustard (SGS&M) for a week. Expression levels of NRF2 target genes, which were (A) Nqo1, (B) Gsta1/3 or (C) Gstm3, in the intestine or (D–F) liver were quantified by qPCR. The value for control food treated mice was set to 1, and relative expressions are shown as the mean folds + SD from multiple independent animals (Ctrl: n = 4, SGS: n = 4, M: n = 4, SGS&M: n = 3 for intestine. Ctrl: n = 3, SGS: n = 4, M: n = 4, SGS&M: n = 3 for liver.). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 compared with the control group (one-way ANOVA with Tukey-Kramer post hoc test).