Figure 1.

PRISMA 2020 flow diagram (A) and diagram displaying the Bayesian network across the treatments (B). The links between the nodes indicate the direct comparisons between pairs of treatments; the thickness of lines is proportional to the number of patients comparing pairs of treatment head-to-head, and the area of the boxes is proportional to the number of patients receiving the same treatment. BDP: beclomethasone dipropionate; BID: bis in die, twice daily; BUD: budesonide; FDC: fixed-dose combination; FF, fluticasone furoate; FOR: formoterol fumarate; GLY: glycopyrronium bromide or glycopyrrolate; ICS: inhaled corticosteroid; LABA: long-acting β₂-adrenoceptor agonist; LAMA: long-acting muscarinic antagonist; PRISMA: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses; QD: quaque die, once daily; UMEC: umeclidinium bromide; VI: vilanterol.