Table 2.
Relative effects with 95% CrI and GRADE score resulting from the overall network meta-analysis; treatment comparisons are sorted in agreement with SUCRA.
| Comparisons | Efficacy | Safety | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of Moderate or Severe AECOPD (RR) | Trough FEV1 (mL) | TDI (Score) | SGRQ (Score) | Total SAEs (RR) | CV SAEs (RR) | Pneumonia (RR) | All-Cause Mortality (RR) | |
| BDP/FOR/GLY 200/12/25 µg BID vs. | ||||||||
| BUD/GLY/FOR 320/18/9.6 µg BID | 1.03 (0.25–4.49) ++ |
−9.28 (−95.15–78.11) ++ |
−0.09 (−0.65–0.49) ++ |
−0.53 (−2.89–1.87) ++ |
0.78 (0.22–2.54) ++ |
1.02 (0.32–3.33) ++ |
1.34 (0.50–3.59) +++ |
1.11 (0.31–3.12) +++ |
| BUD/GLY/FOR 160/18/9.6 µg BID | 0.92 (0.19–4.48) ++ |
0.03 (−93.27–95.63) ++ |
−0.09 (−0.73–0.47) ++ |
−0.63 (−3.20–1.89) ++ |
0.72 (0.19–2.58) +++ |
0.84 (0.25–2.80) +++ |
1.54 (0.56–4.39) ++++ |
0.81 (0.24–2.53) +++ |
| FF/UMEC/VI 100/62.5/25 µg QD | 0.86 (0.17–4.41) ++ |
−29.01 (−121.27–66.14) ++ |
0.01 (−0.61–0.64) ++ |
−0.07 (−2.58–2.46) ++ |
0.68 (0.17–2.51) +++ |
0.67 (0.20–2.19) +++ |
1.17 (0.43–3.27) +++ |
1.07 (0.33–3.20) +++ |
| BUD/GLY/FOR 320/18/9.6 µg BID vs. | ||||||||
| BUD/GLY/FOR 160/18/9.6 µg BID | 0.89 (0.31–2.63) +++ |
8.86 (−52.71–71.98) +++ |
−0.02 (−0.43–0.33) +++ |
−0.17 (−1.68–1.45) +++ |
0.93 (0.39–2.30) +++ |
0.82 (0.37–1.69) +++ |
1.14 (0.60–2.27) ++++ |
0.73 (0.37–1.61) ++++ |
| FF/UMEC/VI 100/62.5/25 µg QD | 0.83 (0.24–2.92) ++ |
−20.11 (−90.78–58.07) ++ |
0.09 (−0.36–0.56) ++ |
0.47 (−1.27–2.31) ++ |
0.87 (0.31–2.43) ++ |
0.65 (0.26–1.49) +++ |
0.85 (0.43–1.85) +++ |
0.95 (0.40–2.42) +++ |
| BUD/GLY/FOR 160/18/9.6 µg BID vs. | ||||||||
| FF/UMEC/VI 100/62.5/25 µg QD | 0.93 (0.22–3.89) ++ |
−29.36 (−108.70–57.26) ++ |
0.11 (−0.37–0.66) ++ |
0.62 (−1.38–2.68) ++ |
0.94 (0.30–3.05) ++ |
0.80 (0.30–1.98) ++ |
0.75 (0.34–1.72) ++++ |
1.28 (0.55–3.30) ++++ |
Data are sorted according to the risk of moderate or severe AECOPD as shown in Table 3. Quality of evidence according to GRADE: ++++ high, +++ moderate, ++ low. AECOPD: acute exacerbation of COPD; BDP: beclomethasone dipropionate; BID: bis in die, twice daily; BUD: budesonide; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CV: cardiovascular; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in the first second; FF: fluticasone furoate; FOR: formoterol; GLY: glycopyrronium bromide or glycopyrrolate; GRADE: Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation; QD: quaque die, once daily; RR: relative risk; SAE: serious adverse event; SGRQ: St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire; SUCRA: surface under the cumulative ranking curve analysis; TDI: transition dyspnea index; UMEC: umeclidinium bromide; VI: vilanterol; 95% CrI: 95% credible interval.