Table 2.
Clinical Characteristics of Included Patients [16,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92].
| Author, Year | Relevant Medical History (n) | Medication History (n) | History of COVID-19 Infection (n) | Symptoms Occurring Following Vaccine Dose (n) | Time to First Symptoms Post-Vaccination (Day) | Symptoms at Time of Admission (n) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st Dose | 2nd Dose | 3rd Dose | Mean | SD | |||||
| Abellan C et al., 2021 [92] | None | NR | No (1), NR (2) | 0 | 3 | 0 | 2.00 | 1.00 | Chest Pain (3), Chills (2), Emesis (1), Fever (3), Nausea (1), Flu-Like Symptoms (1) |
| Ahmed SK, 2022 [91] | NR | NR | No (5) | 0 | 5 | 0 | 1.80 | 0.84 | Chest Pain (5), SOB (2), Fatigue (3), Fever (2), Headache (1), Myalgia (1) |
| Aikawa T et al., 2022 [89] | None | NR | NR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2.00 | NA | Chest Pain (1) |
| Alania-Torres E et al., 2021 [90] | ALVC (1), Myocarditis (1), Surgery-ICD Placement (1) | Sacubitril/Valsartan (1), Eplerenone (1), Bisoprolol (1) | No (1) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1.00 | NA | Chest Pain (1), SOB (1), Fatigue (1), Fever (1), Headache (1), Myalgia (1), Diarrhoea (1), Muscle Weakness (1) |
| Albert E et al., 2021 [88] | None | NR | NR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1.00 | NA | Chest Pain - Worse on Inspiration and Supine Position (1) |
| Ammirati E et al., 2021 [87] | None | NR | Yes (1) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3.00 | NA | Chest Pain (1) |
| Aviram G et al., 2022 [86] | Hyperlipidaemia (1), Myocarditis (1), Bilateral Foot Hyperkeratosis (1) | NR | NR | 0 | 0 | 4 | 5.75 | 3.77 | Chest Pain (4), Fever (4), Weakness (4) |
| Bautista Garcia J et al., 2021 [85] | Asthma (1), Atrial Fibrillation (1), Gastritis (1), Hypothyroidism (1), Pneumothorax (1), Surgery - Left Apical Lobectomy (1) | Antipyretics (1), Analgesia (1) | NR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0.25 | NA | Chest Pain (1), Fever (1), Interscapular Pain (1) |
| Bengel C et al., 2022 [84] | ADHD (1) | Methylphenidate (1) | NR | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1.00 | 0.00 | Chest Pain (1), Fatigue (1), Fever (1), Malaise (2), Epigastric Pain (1), Arthralgia (1) |
| Bews H et al., 2022 [83] | IBS (1), Depression (1), Gender Affirming Surgery (2) | Testosterone Therapy (2) | NR | 0 | 9 | 0 | NR | NR | Body Ache (1), Chest Pain (9), Chills (1), Diaphoresis (1), SOB (1), Emesis (1), Fatigue (1), Fever (1), Headache (1), Myalgia (1), Nausea (2), Palpitations (1), Diarrhoea (1), Rhinitis (1), Pharyngitis (1) Pain Worse on Inspiration and Supine Position (1) |
| Cereda A et al., 2021 [79] | None | NR | No (1) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1.25 | NA | Chest Pain (1), Fever (1) |
| Chachar T et al., 2021 [80] | None | NR | No (1) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 5.00 | NA | Chest Pain (1) |
| Chamling B et al., 2021 [81] | Smoker (1) | NR | NR | 1 | 1 | 0 | 6.50 | 5.00 | Chest Discomfort (1), Chest Pain (2) |
| Chellapandian SB et al., 2022 [82] | None | NR | NR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2.00 | NA | Body Ache (1), Chest Pain (1) |
| Chow BT and Lai CK, 2022 [77] | Allergy-Amoxicillin | NR | NR | 1 | 1 | 0 | NR | NR | SOB (1), Fatigue (1), Palpitations (1), Syncope (1), Urinary Incontinence (1), Decreased Exercise Capacity (1), Increased Muscle Tone (1), Foaming at Mouth (1), Tonic-Clonic Movements (1) |
| Cimaglia P et al., 2022 [78] | None | NSAIDs (1) | NR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2.50 | NA | Chest Pain (1), Worse on Inspiration and Supine Position (1) |
| D’Angelo T et al., 2021 [76] | NR | NR | NR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0.00 | NA | Chest Pain (1), Diaphoresis (1), SOB (1), Nausea (1) |
| Deb A et al., 2021 [75] | Congestive Heart Failure (1), COPD (1), CAD (1), DM (1), GERD (1), HTN (1), Hyperlipidaemia (1), Hypothyroidism (1), Surgery -Multiple Stents, CABG (1) | Aspirin (2), Atorvastatin (1), Clopidogrel (1), Furosemide (1), Isosorbide Mononitrate (1), Levothyroxine (1), Lisinopril (1), Metformin (1), Metoprolol tartrate (1), Potassium Chloride (1), Albuterol and Tiotropium Inhalers (1) | No (1) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0.25 | NA | Chills (1), SOB (1), Fatigue (1), Fever (1), Nausea (1), Orthopnoea (1), Coarse Crackles at Lung Bases (1), Elevated JVP (1), Pitting Edema in Lower Extremities (1) |
| Diaz GA et al., 2021 [74] | CAD (1), DM (2), HTN (5), Alcohol/Drug Dependence (4), Cancer (2), CKD (1) | NR | NR | 4 | 16 | 0 | 3.50 | 5.78 | NR |
| Dickey JB et al., 2021 [73] | None | NR | NR | 0 | 3 | 0 | NR | NR | Chest Pain (3), Chills (2), Fever (1), Myalgia (3), Neck pain (1) |
| Dlewati M et al., 2022 [72] | Myocarditis (1) | NR | NR | 0 | 1 | 0 | NR | NR | Chest Pain (1), Chills (1), Fatigue (1), Fever (1) |
| Gautam N et al., 2021 [71] | DM (1), HTN (1), Hyperlipidaemia (1) | NR | NR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 90.00 | NA | Chest Discomfort (1), Chest Pain (1), Emesis (2) |
| Habedank D et al., 2022 [70] | HTN (1) | NR | NR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1.00 | NA | Fever (1), Palpitations (1), Syncope (1), Dizziness (1) |
| Habib MB et al., 2021 [69] | NR | Bisoprolol (1) | NR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3.00 | NA | Chest Pain (1) |
| Jahnke C et al., 2022 [68] | None | NR | NR | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1.50 | NR | Chest Discomfort (2), Chest Pain (2), SOB (2), Malaise (1), Limited physical activity (2) |
| Kaneta K et al., 2022 [67] | None | None | NR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3.00 | NA | Chest Pain (1), Fever (1) |
| Kaul R et al., 2021 [66] | None | NR | No (2) | 0 | 2 | 0 | NR | NR | Chest Pain (2), Chills (1), Fever (2), Headache (2), Myalgia (1), Neck Pain (1) |
| Kawakami T et al., 2022 [65] | None | NR | Yes (1) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 14.00 | NA | Chest Pain (1) |
| Kim HW et al., 2021 [64] | HTN (1), Hypercholesterolemia (1), Smoker (1) | NR | No (4) | 0 | 4 | 0 | NR | NR | Chest Pain (4), Chills (3), Diaphoresis (1), SOB (3), Fatigue (3), Fever (3), Headache (1), Myalgia (3), Palpitations (1), Syncope (1) |
| Kim IC et al., 2021 [61] | NR | None | NR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1.00 | NA | Chest Pain (1), Fatigue (1), Myalgia (1) |
| King WW et al., 2021 [63] | NR | NR | No (4) | 0 | 4 | 0 | 3.75 | 1.26 | Chest Pain (4) |
| Koizumi T et al., 2021 [60] | NR | NR | NR | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2.50 | 0.71 | Chest Pain (2) |
| Korosoglou G et al., 2022 [62] | None | NR | NR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2.00 | NA | Chest Pain (1), Fatigue (1), Headache (1), Myalgia (1), Joint Pain (1), - Worse on Inspiration (1) |
| Larson KF et al., 2021 [59] | NR | NR | Yes (2) | 1 | 7 | 0 | 1.17 | 0.41 | Chest Pain (3), Chills (2), Cough (1), Fever (2) |
| Lee CH and Kong EJ, 2022 [58] | None | NR | NR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 5.00 | NA | Chest Pain (1) |
| Levin D et al., 2021 [56] | Asthma (1), Myocarditis (1), ADHD (1), Celiac Disease (1) | NR | NR | 2 | 5 | 0 | NR | NR | Chest Pain (6), Fatigue (6), Fever (2), Headache (2), Abdominal Pain (1) |
| Maeda M et al., 2022 [19] | None | NR | No (1) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4.00 | NA | Chest Pain (1) |
| Maki H et al., 2022 [54] | Kawasaki Disease (1) | NR | NR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 14.00 | NA | Chest Pain (1), SOB (1), Fever (1) |
| Manfredi R et al., 2022 [57] | RBBB (1) | None | NR | 0 | 2 | 0 | NR | NR | Fever (2) |
| Mansour J et al., 2021 [55] | None | NR | No (2) | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1.00 | 0.00 | Chest Pain (2), Chills (1), Fever (1), Lightheaded (1) |
| Marhshall M et al., 2021 [16] | None | NR | No (1) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3.00 | NA | Chest Pain (1), Fever (1), Malaise (1), Myalgia (1), Arthralgia (1) |
| Matta A et al., 2021 [53] | NR | NR | No (1) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3.00 | NA | Chest Pain (1), Fatigue (1) |
| Mengesha B et al., 2022 [52] | Obesity (1) | None | No (1) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2.00 | NA | SOB (1), Palpitations (1) |
| Meyer-Szary J et al., 2022 [51] | NR | NR | No (1) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2.00 | NA | Chest Discomfort (1), Chest Pain (1), SOB (1), Pain Radiates To Left Arm (1) |
| Miqdad MA et al., 2021 [46] | None | NR | NR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 4.00 | NA | Chest Pain - Worse on Inspiration (1) |
| Montgomery J et al. 2021 [50] | NR | NR | No (2), Yes (3) | 3 | 20 | 0 | 2.08 | 0.88 | Chest Pain (23) |
| Mouch S et al., 2021 [49] | Hyperlipidaemia (1), Obesity (1), Smoker (1) | NR | NR | 1 | 3 | 0 | 5.75 | 6.85 | Chest Discomfort (1), Chest Pain (3), Pain Worse on Inspiration (1) |
| Murakami Y et al., 2022 [48] | NR | NR | NR | 1 | 1 | 0 | 6.50 | 3.54 | Chest Pain (2) |
| Muthukumar A et al., 2021 [47] | HTN (1), Hypercholesterolemia (1), OSA (1), LFT Elevations (1) | Aspirin (1), Simvastatin (1), Ezetimibe (1), Lisinopril (1) | No (1) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3.00 | NA | Chest Pain (1), Headache (1) |
| Nagasaka T et al., 2022 [45] | None | NR | No (1) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3.00 | NA | Chest Pain (1), Fever (1) |
| Nevet A et al., 2021 [38] | NR | NR | NR | 0 | 3 | 0 | 2.00 | NR | Chest Pain (3), Fever (3) |
| Nguyen TD et al., 2021 [37] | None | NR | Yes (1) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0.50 | NA | Chest Pain (1), Fatigue (1), Fever (1), Myalgia (1), Shivering (1) |
| Nunn S et al., 2022 [44] | None | NR | NR | 1 | 0 | 0 | NR | NR | Chest Pain (1), SOB (1), Shivering (1) |
| Ohnishi M et al., 2022 [43] | None | NR | NR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2.00 | NA | Chest Pain (1), Fever (1), Headache (1), Loss of Appetite (1) |
| Onderko L et al., 2021 [42] | GERD (1), Crohn’s Disease (1), Obesity (1) | None | NR | 0 | 3 | 0 | NR | NR | Chest Pain (3), Jaw pain (1), Pain Worse on Inspiration (1) |
| Parmar K et al., 2022 [41] | Asthma (2), Hyperlipidaemia (1), Depression (1), Kidney Stones (1), Fibrous Dysplasia (1) | NR | NR | 1 | 3 | 0 | NR | NR | Chest Pain (3), Pain In Left Arm (1) |
| Patel YR et al., 2021 [40] | Asthma (1), ADHD (1) | NR | No (5) | 1 | 4 | 0 | 2.20 | 0.84 | Body Ache (2), Chest Pain (5), Chills (1), Diaphoresis (1), SOB (3), Emesis (1), Fatigue (2), Fever (1), Headache (4), Malaise (1), Myalgia (1), Nausea (3), Rigors (1), Worse on Inspiration and Supine Position (1) |
| Patrignani A et al., 2021 [39] | None | NR | Yes (1) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4.00 | NA | Diaphoresis (1), Epigastric Pain (1) |
| Sano M et al., 2022 [36] | None | NR | NR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2.00 | NA | Chest Pain (1), Fever (1) |
| Schmitt P et al., 2021 [29] | None | NR | NR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3.00 | NA | Chest Pain (1), Worse on Inspiration and Supine Position (1) |
| Shaw KE et al., 2021 [35] | NR | NR | No (1), Yes (1) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 14.50 | 14.85 | Chest Discomfort (1), Chest Pain (1) |
| Shiyovich A et al., 2022 [34] | Asthma (1) | NR | NR | 0 | 0 | 4 | 5.75 | 4.80 | Chest Pain (4) |
| Shumkova M et al., 2021 [33] | None | NR | No (1) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1.00 | NA | Chest Pain (1), SOB (1), Fever (1), Worse on Inspiration and Supine Position (1) |
| Singh B et al., 2021 [32] | None | None | No (1) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3.00 | NA | Chest Pain (1), Headache (1) |
| Sokolska J et al., 2021 [31] | Asthma (1), Surgery-Appendectomy (1), Allergy - Pollen, Pets (1) | Analgesia (1) | No (1) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3.00 | NA | Chest Discomfort (1), Chest Pain (1), Injection Site Discomfort (1) |
| Starekova J et al., 2021 [30] | NR | NR | No (4) | 0 | 4 | 0 | NR | NR | Body Ache (1), Chest Discomfort (2), Chest Pain (4), Chills (2), SOB (2), Fatigue (1), Fever (2), Headache (2), Malaise (2), Myalgia (1), Nausea (1), Lightheaded (1) |
| Tailor P et al., 2021 [22] | Asthma (1), OSA (1), Obesity (1), Previous Smoker (1) | Asthma Medication - Albuterol, Fluticasone-Salmeterol (2) | No (1) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 4.00 | NA | Chest Pain (1), Cough (1), SOB (1), Headache (1), Malaise (1), Myalgia (1) |
| Verma A et al., 2021 [23] | Overweight (1), Smoker (1) | None | NR | 1 | 1 | 0 | NR | NR | Chest Pain (1), SOB (2), Dizziness (1) |
| Vidula MK et al., 2021 [24] | None | NR | NR | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2.50 | 2.12 | Chest Discomfort (1), Chest Pain (1), SOB (1), Fever (1), Myalgia (1) |
| Viskin D et al., 2021 [21] | Asthma (1), Celiac Disease (1), Peri myocarditis (1) | Asthma Medication - Montelukast therapy (1) | No (1) | 0 | 8 | 0 | NR | NR | Chest Pain (8), Malaise (8) |
| Watkins K et al., 2021 [28] | Smoker (1) | NR | Yes (1) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2.00 | NA | Chest Pain (1), SOB (1), Worse with sitting compared to supine (1) |
| Williams CB et al., 2021 [27] | NR | None | NR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1.00 | NA | Chest Pain (1), Fever (1), Myalgia (1), Tachycardia (1), Tachypnea (1), Elevated JVP (1), Mild Crackles At Lung Bases (1) |
| Wong J et al., 2022 [26] | Asthma (1), Depression (1) | Asthma Medication - Fluticasone/Salmeterol (1), Mirtazapine (1) | NR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0.50 | NA | Chest Pain (1), Chills (1), Diaphoresis (1), Fever (1), Headache (1), Night Sweats (1) |
| Wu B et al., 2022 [25] | None | Testosterone Therapy (1) | Yes (1) | 1 | 0 | 0 | NR | NR | Chest Pain (1), SOB (1), Fever (1), Myalgia (1), Nausea (1) |
| Yen KC et al., 2022 [20] | Hyperlipidaemia (1), Gouty Arthritis (1) | NR | NR | 1 | 0 | 0 | 7.00 | NA | Chest Discomfort (1), SOB (1), Injection Site Discomfort (1), Loose Stools (1) |
ALVC: Arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy, ADHD: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, CABG: Coronary artery bypass graft, CAD: coronary artery disease, COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, GERD: Gastric esophageal reflux disease, HTN: Hypertension, ICD: Implantable cardioverter defibrillator, NA: Not applicable, NR: Not reported, OSA: Obstructive sleep apnea, SD: Standard deviation, SOB: shortness of breath.