Table 4.
Pairwise comparisons between groups on primary and secondary outcomes.
| Control vs. Telephone | Mobile App vs. Telephone | Mobile App vs. Control | |
|---|---|---|---|
| QALY—coef (95% CI), p-value † | 0.04 (0.43, 2.3), p = 0.998 | −0.02 (−0.13, 0.08), p = 0.712 | −0.08 (−0.18, 0.02), p = 0.135 |
| Survival—HR (95% CI), p-value * | 0.999 (−0.45, 2.39), p = 0.923 | 0.61 (0.27, 1.74), p = 0.434 | 0.52 (0.23, 1.50), p = 0.265 |
| EORTC QLQ-C30 score #,† | |||
| Global health | −4.02 (−10.4, 2.4), p = 0.22 | −6.00 (−12.70, 0.75), p = 0.082 | −0.67 (−7.62, 6.28), p = 0.850 |
| Physical functioning | −2.75 (−9.63, 4.12), p = 0.433 | −3.20 (−10.03, 3.63), p = 0.359 | −2.31 (−8.29, 3.67), p = 0.448 |
| Role functioning | −6.11 (−16.78, 4.56), p = 0.262 | −6.31 (−16.16, 3.54), p = 0.210 | −0.12 (−9.95, 9.71), p = 0.980 |
| Emotional functioning | −0.88 (−8.08, 6.33), p = 0.812 | −7.07 (−14.37, 0.22), p = 0.057 | 4.95 (−1.88, 11.78), p = 0.155 |
| Cognitive functioning | −7.36 (−14.15, −0.57), p = 0.034 | −1.60 (−8.57, 5.37), p = 0.652 | −6.43 (−13.90, 1.04), p = 0.092 |
| Social functioning | −5.38 (−16.73, 6.00), p = 0.353 | −3.01, (−12.30, 6.28), p = 0.525 | −4.93 (−16.54, 6.68), p = 0.405 |
| Fatigue | 3.08 (−5.77, 11.93), p = 0.496 | 3.28 (−5.63, 12.19), p = 0.471 | 1.47 (−7.63, 10.58), p = 0.751 |
| Nausea and vomiting | 0.02 (−5.68, 5.72), p = 0.994 | −1.94 (−6.91, 3.04), p = 0.445 | 3.17 (−2.16, 8.50), p = 0.244 |
| Pain | 1.22 (−9.04, 11.47), p = 0.816 | −5.87 (−15.60, 3.85), p = 0.237 | 11.63 (1.20, 22.06), p = 0.029 |
| Dyspnoea | −0.76 (−9.66, 8.13), p = 0.867 | 1.26 (−7.14, 9.65), p = 0.769 | 1.67 (−6.67, 10.02), p = 0.694 |
| Insomnia | −1.94 (−14.94, 11.06), p = 770 | 5.21 (−8.13, 18.56), p = 0.444 | −2.06 (−15.12, 11.00), p = 0.757 |
| Appetite loss | 0.65 (−9.71, 11.00), p = 0.902 | 3.49 (−6.74, 13.72), p = 0.504 | −2.01 (−12.71, 8.70), p = 0.713 |
| Constipation | −2.44 (−12.35, 7.35), p = 0.625 | 2.75 (−7.11, 12.62), p = 0.584 | −0.35 (−12.25, 11.56), p = 0.955 |
| Diarrhoea | 4.84 (−7.16, 16.83), p = 0.429 | −0.61 (−12.53, 11.31), p = 0.920 | 3.94 (−8.47, 16.35), p = 0.534 |
| Financial difficulties | 6.00 (−4.96, 16.97), p = 0.283 | 8.54 (−1.37, 18.46), p = 0.091 | −4.0 (−16.00, 8.00), p = 0.514 |
| PG-SGASF score * | −0.87 (−2.69, 0.94), p = 0.346 | 0.57 (−1.42, 2.55), p = 0.575 | −1.20 (−2.98, 0.58), p = 0.186 |
| Weight † | −2.43 (−5.11, 0.25), p = 0.075 | −2.56 (−4.89, −0.23), p = 0.031 | 0.92 (−1.65, 3.50), p = 0.481 |
# Multiple imputation was used to replace missing individual data points for conducting comparisons in mean QALY per participant between groups. † Adjusted for baseline value of outcome measure, age, gender, baseline PG-SGASF, and cancer location. * Adjusted for age, gender, baseline PG-SGASF score, and cancer location. EORTC QLQ-C30, European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire—Core 30; HR, hazard ratio; PG-SGASF, Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment Short Form; QALY, quality-adjusted life years.