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. 2022 Aug 5;27(15):4985. doi: 10.3390/molecules27154985

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Effects of MR extract administration on biochemical and urinary parameters in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Alteration of (A) Urinary excretion of microalbumin and (B) serum creatinine level. Values are the mean ± S.D. (n = 6). Statistical evaluation was achieved by one-way ANOVA subsequently by Tukey’s HSD post hoc test for multiple comparisons (*** p < 0.001). (C) The expression pattern of kidney damage biomarkers (KIM-1, SBP-1, NGAL, and PKM2) in the urine. (D) The band intensity was evaluated densitometrically using ImageJ software (*** p < 0.001). (E) Alteration of 3-indoxyl sulfate concentration in STZ-treated rats in the urine, serum, and kidney tissues was quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Values are the mean ± S.D. (n = 6). Statistical evaluation was completed by one-way ANOVA subsequently by Tukey’s HSD post hoc test for multiple comparisons (*** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.01, * p < 0.05). NC: Normal control, STZ: streptozotocin-treated group, STZ + MR: Streptozotocin-treated rats received MR extract, STZ + Mef: Streptozotocin-treated rats received Metformin.