Table 4.
Associations of baseline BMIs with cognitive impairment risk, stratified by plant-based diet indices.
| Events | Participants | Person-Years | HR (95% CI) a | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stratified by PDI | |||||
| Lower PDI | |||||
| Underweight | 163 | 514 | 2346 | 1.41 (1.15–1.73) | 0.001 |
| Normal | 314 | 1263 | 6373 | 1.00 | |
| Overweight | 88 | 370 | 1966 | 0.87 (0.67–1.12) | 0.267 |
| Obese | 29 | 127 | 645 | 0.76 (0.51–1.14) | 0.188 |
| Higher PDI | |||||
| Underweight | 100 | 374 | 1726 | 1.39 (1.09–1.77) | 0.007 |
| Normal | 265 | 1395 | 7125 | 1.00 | |
| Overweight | 84 | 559 | 2925 | 0.74 (0.57–0.95) | 0.017 |
| Obese | 34 | 190 | 1050 | 0.69 (0.46–1.03) | 0.068 |
| Stratified by hPDI | |||||
| Lower hPDI | |||||
| Underweight | 163 | 487 | 2221 | 1.35 (1.10–1.66) | 0.004 |
| Normal | 299 | 1172 | 5840 | 1.00 | |
| Overweight | 77 | 310 | 1630 | 0.93 (0.72–1.10) | 0.568 |
| Obese | 22 | 112 | 604 | 0.60 (0.37–0.96) | 0.035 |
| Higher hPDI | |||||
| Underweight | 100 | 401 | 1851 | 1.42 (1.11–1.80) | 0.005 |
| Normal | 280 | 1486 | 7658 | 1.00 | |
| Overweight | 95 | 619 | 3261 | 0.73 (0.57 –0.94) | 0.013 |
| Obese | 41 | 205 | 1091 | 0.82 (0.57–1.18) | 0.284 |
| Stratified by uPDI | |||||
| Lower uPDI | |||||
| Underweight | 98 | 372 | 1692 | 1.35 (1.05–1.72) | 0.017 |
| Normal | 271 | 1348 | 6860 | 1.00 | |
| Overweight | 71 | 539 | 2837 | 0.61 (0.46–0.80) | <0.001 |
| Obese | 40 | 203 | 1101 | 0.77 (0.53–1.11) | 0.158 |
| Higher uPDI | |||||
| Underweight | 165 | 516 | 2380 | 1.45 (1.18–1.77) | <0.001 |
| Normal | 308 | 1310 | 6638 | 1.00 | |
| Overweight | 101 | 390 | 2054 | 1.01 (0.80–1.27) | 0.955 |
| Obese | 23 | 114 | 594 | 0.64 (0.40–1.03) | 0.066 |
HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval; PDI: plant-based diet index; hPDI: healthful plant-based diet index; uPDI: unhealthful plant-based diet index. a: Adjusted for sex, age, residence, education, occupation, smoking status, alcohol consumption, regular exercise, financial independence, and health conditions.