Table 1.

Summary of major findings.

Disease	Findings
Dementia	Preclinical research suggests NAD+ precursors could be effective for different forms of dementia. Head-to-head comparisons of different precursors (NR, NMN, NAM, niacin) are lacking. Work is needed to investigate the safety and effectiveness of prophylactic supplementation with NAD+ precursors in people at risk of age-related cognitive decline.
Diabetes	Animal models support the conclusion that NAD+ precursor supplementation could improve the long-term cognitive health of people with diabetes, although clinical trials are needed. Investigation is needed on the impact of routine supplementation with NAD+ precursors on cognitive impairment resulting from an event of severe hypoglycaemia.
Stroke	Animal studies support the conclusion that treatment with NAD+ precursors could improve cognitive recovery after stroke. The effect of supplementation prior to ischemic injury has not been investigated.
Traumatic brain injury	Almost all work on TBI has focused on supplementation with NAM. Effects have been inconsistent, with some studies reporting negative impacts on cognitive health. This field of inquiry now appears inactive.