Table 2.

Details of application of cyclodextrin paclitaxel nanoparticles, with a focus on type of nanoparticles, cyclodextrin type, preparation technique and type of cancer treated.

Types of Nanoparticles (NPs)	Types of Cyclodextrin	Types of Cancer/Cell Lines	Preparation Technique	Miscellaneous	References
C6 NPs, CD/C6 NVs and CD/NP (C6) NVs	β-cyclodextrins (β-CDs)	HepG2 cells -Liver cancer		1H NMR, ROESY, XRD, FTIR, TEM, SEM, AFM, DLS	[5]
FCD-1 and FCD-2 NPs	Amphiphilic CD derivatives	Breast cancer L929 cell, T-47D, and ZR-75-1 human breast cancer cells.	Freeze drying	Student’s t-test, F-test, ANOVA, SEM, 1H NMR, DSC,	[6]
FCD-1 and FCD-2 NPs	Amphiphilic CD	Breast cancer, 4T1 cancer cells, female Balb/c mice	Freeze drying	ANOVA, F-test	[7]
β-cyclodextrinpoly (N-isopropylacrylamide) star polymer	β-CD, Me-β-CD, HP-β-CD	AT3B-1 cells	Lyophilization Freeze drying	1H NMR, FTIR, DLS, DSC	[12]
mono [6-deoxy-N-ethylamino-(N′-1-anthraquinone)]- β-cyclodextrin nanostructure	β-CD	Liver cancer HCC cell line, HepG2		TEM, SEM, DLS, 2D NMR ROESY	[13]
Synthesis of P-CD-AA-PTX NPs	β-CD-modified poly (acrylic acid)	H22 cell line -Lung cancer	Lyophilization	DLS, TEM, FTIR, IR, 1H NMR	[15]
PTX-CD NP, PTX-HPCD NPs	β-CD, HPCD, NHCD	Metastatic breast cancer Male Wistar rat		Mann–Whitney U-test	[19]
PTX–CD complex	Hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin, methyl β-cyclodextrin	PC-3, A2780, MCF-7, HT-29 and A549 -Prostate cancer, ovarian carcinoma, breast cancer, colorectal adenocarcinoma, and lung cancer	Lyophilization	Statistical analysis: single-factor ANOVA, t-test H NMR, XRD	[17]
APPZ NPs	β-CD	BT474, SKBR3, OVCAR3, and HS5 cell lines -Breast cancer and ovarian cancer		FTIR	[18]
(HA-CD/PLL) capsules	β-CD, DM-β- CD, HACD	Breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell line	Layer by layer deposition Host-guest complexation	1H NMR, SEM	[20]
PS and PSC SLNs	HPCD	Breast cancer MCF-7cells Female BALB/c nude mice	Hot-melted sonication	Student’s t-test	[21]
GDCP hydrogel	β-cyclodextrin	MCF-7 cells	Lyophilization	One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)	[23]
HA-FCN (hyaluronic acid fluorescence carbon nanoparticles	β-CD	Breast cancer MDAMB-231 and MDCK (normal cells)	Freeze drying	NMR, TEM, XRD	[24]
Adamantylamine-modified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)	HACD	Breast cancer, MCF-7, NIH3T3 (fibroblast cells)		XPS, HR-TEM, AFM, ICP	[25]
(biotin-arg(pbf)-HP-β-CD) NPs	HP-β-CD	Breast cancer MCF-7	Lyophilization	TEM, XRD	[26]
Nanosphere and nano-capsules of 6-0-CAPRO-β-CD	Amphiphilic β-CD, 6-0-CAPRO-β-CD	L929 mouse fibroblast cells, MCF-7 cell line, Breast cancer	Nanoprecipitation technique	SEM, AFM, two-way ANOVA, Kruskall–Wallis analysis, and Tukey test	[27]
6OCaproβCD, CS-6OcaproβCD, PC βCDC6	Amphiphilic cyclodextrin	Breast cancer MCF-7, L929 fibroblast cell line	Lyophilization	Student’s t-test	[28]
(6-0-CAPRO-β-CD) NPs	Amphiphilic cyclodextrin	Metastatic breast cancer	Lyophilization	FTIR, SEM, 1H NMR, DSC	[29]
PCX-loaded 6OCapro β-CD and PCX-loaded PC β-CDC6 NPs	(6OCapro β-CD) and (PC β- CDC6)	Breast cancer cells and fibroblast cells -Breast cancer	3D multicellular tumor model Lyophilization, freeze-drying method	FTIR, IR, SEM	[30]
PS-NPs, PSC-NPs, and SLN	Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin	MCF-7 ADR cells Breast cancer	Hot-melted sonication	Student’s t-test	[31]
paclitaxel/hydroxypropHydroxyl-β-cyclodextrin complex-loaded liposomes	HP-β-CD	Lung cancer, A549/T cells, Female Balb/c nude mice	Lyophilization	DSC, XRD, DLS, TEM	[32]
Tripalm-NPs	β-CD	Breast cancer and lung cancer -MCF-7, MDA-MB231, SKBR3, T47D - NCI-H460, A549, NCI-H520,		t-test ANOVA	[33]
GNPs, PGNPs	SH-β-CD	Lung cancer H460 and H460PTX cells		TEM	[34]
PTX–CD complex	HP β-CD, DM β-CD, HE β-CD	Hey-1b, -Ovarian cancer -IC 50: 5–10 nM drug	Rotary evaporation	NMR, IR Female Balb/C mice of ca	[36]
PCDT	β-cyclodextrin	Ovarian, lung, prostate, and breast cancer. -A2780, SKOV-3, H1299, DU-145, MCF-7	Freeze drying	1H NMR, FTIR, IC50 of curcumin-PCDT-7.7 and 13.4 μM	[37]
DLPLs	DMβCD	SKOV3 epithelial ovarian cancer cell line -Ovarian cancer -Sprague Dawley female rats -Female Balb/c mice	Modified co-solvent evaporation method Thin-film hydration method Lyophilization	DSC, FTIR, XRD, SEM, TEM Student’s t-test For liposome: 33 full factorial design	[38]
PAA -β-CD/PAA-TAX nanogel	β-CD	Cervical cancer HeLa cells and U14 cervical carcinoma cells expressing GFP (U14-GFP)	Esterification of PAA and TAX	1H NMR, FTIR, DLS, and TEM	[39]
Ac-aCD5 NPs, Ac-aCD15NPs, Ac-aCD 180NPs, Ac-aCD 240 NPs	α-cyclodextrin	B16F10, Hela, HepG2, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, Female Balb/C mice Metastasis cancer, cervical cancer, liver cancer, and breast cancer	Solvent evaporation technique	DLS, FTIR, GPC, TEM, SEM	[40]
pPTX and pCD nanoassembly	Co-polymer: poly(isobutylrnr-alt-MAnh), poly [IB-alt-MAnh] and poly (methyl vinyl ether-alt-MAnh), poly [MVE-alt-MAnh]	MCF-7, HeLa and HCT-8 cell lines -Breast cancer, cervical cancer, and colon cancer	Multivalent polymer-polymer complex Freeze drying Molecular simulation of inclusion complex	DLS, TEM, H-NMR	[41]
CDV-PCL NPs	HP-β-CD	Cervical cancer L929 fibroblast cells, HeLa cells	Lyophilization	DSC, FTIR, SEM Student’s t-test	[42]
PTX-loaded mPECT NPs and PTX-mPECT NP/α-CDgel	Methoxy poly (ethylene glycol)-b-poly (ε-caprolactone-co-1,4,8-trioxa [4.6]spiro-9-un-decanone) (mPECT)	Human cervical cancer cells HeLa and human hepatoma cells 7703, Murine breast tumor 4T1, Balb/c mice Breast cancer and cervical cancer	Freeze drying	DLS, TEM, SEM, Student’s unpaired t-test	[43]
β-CD-g-(PNIPAAm-b-POEGA) x polymer	β-CD	HepG2 liver cancer/MDR1 cells or NIH-H460 lung cancer cells Liver cancer	Western blot method	1H NMR, DLS, TEM, RT-PCR	[46]
PTX–CYDs complexes	β-CD (1) 2,6-Dimethyl-β-CD (2) 2,3,6-trimethyl-β-CD (3)	DU145 -Prostate cancer	Freeze drying	FTIR, H NMR, DSC, Molecular modeling study using: 1. Monte Carlo using Macro Model package 2. Quasi-flexible docking using MOLINE	[48]
BPEI-SPION NPs	β-cyclodextrin	MCF-7, CT26, HeLa Breast cancer, cervical carcinoma, and colon cancer	Freeze-thaw method	1H NMR, TGA, TEM,	[51]