Iranpour 2011.

Methods	Randomised controlled trial
Participants	70 preterm infants (30 to 35 weeks' gestation) with respiratory distress needing non‐invasive respiratory support at 24 hours of age
Interventions	HFNC (1 to 4 L/min) from 24 hours of age until no longer needing respiratory support Nasal CPAP 6 cmH2O
Outcomes	Treatment failure (intubation); death; duration of hospitalisation; failure of treatment; duration of respiratory distress; NEC; PDA; IVH; CLD (not defined); pneumothorax; pulmonary haemorrhage; apnoea; sepsis; duration of hospitalisation; duration to reach to full enteral feeding; nasal mucosal injury
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Information about sequence generation not available
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) Need for intubation	Unclear risk	No mention of set criteria for treatment failure/intubation
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) Nasal damage	High risk	Non‐blinded
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	Not registered