Fig. 4.

Dissociable patterns of explained variance by syntactic category (POS) and semantic and phonemic predictions. Unique variance is explained by different types of unexpectedness (quantified via surprise or prediction error) across cortical sources in each MEG participant. In all plots, color indicates amount of additional variance explained; opacity indicates FWE-corrected statistical significance. Note that p < 0.05 is equivalent to $-{\log }_{10}(p)>1.3$. For the maps of additional control variables (lexical surprisal and acoustics), see SI Appendix, Fig. S9.