RAD51 and BCDX2 promote SMARCAL1 and ZRANB3 mediated bubbled DNA annealing. (A) Recombinant RAD51 and BCDX2 were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and stained with Coomassie Brilliant Blue. (B) Annealing helicase assay. RAD51 and BCDX2 separately stimulate SMARCAL1-mediated annealing of RPA-coated ssDNA. Top, quantifications (error bars indicate SEM of four replicates); bottom, representative experiment. Statistical significance; *(P < 0.05), ***(P < 0.001), two-tailed t-test. (C) RAD51 and BCDX2 separately promote ZRANB3 mediated strand annealing. Top, quantifications (error bars indicate SEM of four replicates); bottom, representative experiment. Statistical significance bars; ns (P > 0.05, not significant); **(P < 0.01); two-tailed t-test. (D) RAD51 and BCDX2 do not promote HLTF-mediated DNA annealing. Top, quantifications (error bars indicate SEM of three replicates); bottom, representative experiment. Statistical significance; ns (P > 0.05, not significant); *(P < 0.05), two-tailed t-test.