Table 3.
Associations between SGM stigma and HIV-related outcomes among MSM and TGW/GQ individuals by city, Zimbabwe, 2019
| SGM stigma (Yes vs. no) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Harare | Bulawayo | |||||||||||
| Unadjusted PR (95% CI) | Z | p-value | Adjusted PR (95% CI)a | Z | p-value | Unadjusted PR (95% CI) | Z | p-value | Adjusted PR (95% CI)a | Z | p-value | |
| Outcome variable | ||||||||||||
| HIV positive | 1.87 (1.28–2.73)* | 3.25 | 0.001 | 1.82 (1.27–2.62)* | 3.22 | 0.001 | 1.30 (0.98–1.72) | 1.82 | 0.07 | 1.51 (1.15–2.00)* | 2.92 | 0.004 |
| Ever tested for HIV | 0.98 (0.92–1.03) | − 0.84 | 0.40 | 0.98 (0.92–1.04) | − 0.78 | 0.44 | 1.04 (0.97–1.12) | 1.15 | 0.25 | 1.03 (0.96–1.11) | 0.79 | 0.43 |
| Comprehensive HIV knowledge | 0.97 (0.90–1.05) | − 0.66 | 0.51 | 0.98 (0.90–1.06) | − 0.54 | 0.59 | 1.03 (0.92–1.15) | 0.54 | 0.59 | 1.07 (0.96–1.19) | 1.16 | 0.25 |
| Did not use condom at last sex (main partner) | 1.26 (1.0–1.59) | 1.97 | 0.05 | 1.24 (0.99–1.57) | 1.83 | 0.07 | 0.92 (0.74–1.15) | − 0.69 | 0.49 | 0.93 (0.74–1.16) | − 0.65 | 0.51 |
| Did not use condom at last sex (casual partner)b | 0.90 (0.58–1.41) | − 0.46 | 0.65 | 0.90 (0.58–1.40) | − 0.48 | 0.63 | 1.14 (0.71–1.83) | 0.56 | 0.57 | 1.43 (0.88–2.32) | 1.43 | 0.15 |
*Significant association (p < 0.05)
aSeparate multivariable models adjusted for age (continuous) and SGM group (1 = MSM [reference], 2 = TGW/GQ)
bModel restricted to those with ≥ 1 casual male partner in last 6 months (Harare: n = 352, Bulawayo: n = 316)