Table 6.
Metal sulfide-based nanomaterial in wastewater remediation
| Nanomaterial | Contaminant | Mechanism | Sorption/catalytic capacity | Conditions studied | Cycles | References | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| pH | Time | Temp °C | ||||||
| CuS/K2S2O8 | Orange II | Photocatalytic degradation | 98.88% | 120 | 3 | [499] | ||
| Copper sulfide | Orange carbon | Photocatalytic degradation | 99.8% | 60 | [500] | |||
| SnO2/CuxS/TiO2 | Phenol | Photocatalytic degradation | 100% | 9 | 360 | [501] | ||
| CuxS/TiO2 composites | Methyl orange | Photocatalytic degradation | 99% | 300 | [502] | |||
| Methylene blue | 99% | 180 | ||||||
| CuS-TiO2 composites | Methylene blue | Photocatalytic degradation | 94% | 180 | 4 | [503] | ||
| CuO-CuS core–shell nanowires | Methylene blue | Photocatalytic degradation | 89% | 240 | [504] | |||
| ZnO/CuS heterostructures | Methylene blue | Photocatalytic degradation | 87% | 7 | 30 | [505] | ||
| CuS-CdS | Methylene blue | Photocatalytic degradation | 99.97% | 10 | 5 | [506] | ||
| Copper sulfide nanocrystals/graphene nanocomposites (CuS/GR) | Methylene blue | Photocatalytic degradation | 94% | 80 | [507] | |||
| g-C3N4/CuS nanocomposites | Rhodamine B | Photocatalytic degradation | 99.6% | 60 | 3 | [508] | ||
| Methylene blue | 99% | 120 | ||||||
| CuS-rGO nanocomposite | Congo red | Photocatalytic degradation | 98.76% | 5 | 90 | 5 | [509] | |
| Cu2O@Cu7S4 core–shell micro/nanocrystals | Methyl orange | Photocatalytic degradation | [510] | |||||
| Ultrafine CuS nanocrystalline/Fe-doped TiO2 nanotubes hybrids | Malachite green | Photocatalytic degradation | 100% | 5 | [511] | |||
| Graphene/CuS/ZnO hybrid nanocomposites | Methyl orange | Photocatalytic degradation | 99% | 30 | [512] | |||
| CuS/MoS2 | Methylene blue | Photocatalytic degradation | 100% | 60 | [513] | |||
| CuS/ZnS core/shell nanocrystals (NCs) | Rhodamine B | Photocatalytic degradation | 100% | 30 | 5 | [514] | ||
| CuS(5)CdS(5)/TiO2 | Acid orange 7 | Photocatalytic degradation | 100% | 10 | 100 | [515] | ||
| CuS/g-C3N4 composites | Methylene blue | Photocatalytic degradation | 90 | 5 | [516] | |||
| Molybdenum sulphide (MoS2) nano-petals | Rhodamine B | Photocatalytic degradation | 96% | 25 | 5 | [517] | ||
| Sodium dodecyl sulfate intercalated molybdenum disulfide (SDS-MoS2) | Cr(VI) | Sorption | 63.92 mg/g | 5 | 732 | [518] | ||
| Molybdenum disulfide/reduced graphene oxide (MoS2/rGO) composites | Pb(II) | Sorption | 384.16 mg/g | 5 | 400 | 25 | [519] | |
| Fe(II)-promoted activation of peroxymonosulfate by molybdenum disulfide | Acetaminophen (ACT) | Photocatalytic degradation | 94.5% | 3 | 180 | [520] | ||
|
Biochar modified with molybdenum disulfide MoS2@biochar |
Pb(II) | Sorption | 189 mg/g | 5 | 180 | 25 | 7 | [521] |
| PVP/MoS2 | Cr(VI) | Sorption | 142.24 mg/g | 5 | 1440 | 25 | [522] | |