Table 8.
Metal hydroxide-based nanomaterial in wastewater remediation
| Nanomaterial | Contaminant | Mechanism | Sorption/catalytic capacity | Conditions studied | Cycles | References | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| pH | Time | Temp °C | ||||||
| Mg/Fe layered double hydroxide loaded with Magnetic(Fe3O4) carbon spheres (MCs@Mg/Fe-LDHs) | Pb(II) | Sorption | 3.66 mmol/g | 7 | 3000 | 25 | 3 | [567] |
| Cu(II) | 5.33 mmol/g | |||||||
| Ferric hydroxide/graphene oxide | Arsenate | Sorption | 95% | 4 | [568] | |||
| Aluminum hydroxide–coated nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI@Al(OH)3) | 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) | Sorption | 96.3% | 8.3 | 10 | 24 | [569] | |
| Surfactant-coated aluminum hydroxide [surfactant-Al(OH)3] | Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) | Degradation | Up to 99% | 7 | 25 | [570] | ||
| Sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate (AOT) | ||||||||
| Sodium oleate | ||||||||
| Aluminum hydroxides | Herbicide 2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propanoic acid (2,4-DP) | Sorption | 93% | 7 | 240 | 30 | [571] | |
| Chitosan/Al(OH)3·(CS/Al(OH)3) | Fluoride | Sorption | Up to 80% | 4 | 90 | [572] | ||
| Aluminum hydroxide | Fluoride | Sorption | 95% | [573] | ||||
| Calcite sludge-aluminum hydroxide(CAl) | Bisphenol A | Sorption | 83.53 mg/g | 3 | 5 | [574] | ||
| Ibuprofen | 34.96 mg/g | |||||||
| Aluminum hydroxide gel-coated nanoscale zero-valent iron (AHG@NZVI) | Tetracycline (TC) | Sorption | 98.1% | 6.5 | 70 | 25 | [575] | |
| Calcium hydroxide | Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) | Sorption | 94% | 600 | [576] | |||
| Calcium hydroxide | Hydrogen chloride | [577] | ||||||
| Calcium hydroxide nanorods (CHN) | Fluoride | Sorption | 450 ± 10 mg/g | 6.5 | 45 | [578] | ||
| Calcium hydroxide-coated dairy manure-derived biochar (Ca-BC) | Phosphate | Sorption | 95% | 8.5 | 4320 | [579] | ||
| Calcium hydroxide | Lignin | Sorption | 70% | 5 | 10 | 25 | [580] | |
| Granular activated carbon-supported magnesium hydroxide (Mg-GAC) | Cd(II) | Sorption | 3.47 mg/g | 6 | 480 | 25 | [581] | |
| Modified bentonite with magnesium hydroxide Mg(OH)2 | Phosphate | Sorption | > 54% | 7 | 45 | 120 | [582] | |
| Mg(OH)2 | Fluoride | Sorption | 5 | [583] | ||||
| Mg(OH)2 & Ba(OH)2 | Metals | Sorption | [584] | |||||
| NZVI surface coated with Mg(OH)2 shell (NZVI@Mg(OH)2) | Cr(VI) | Sorption | 97.8% | 7.5 | [585] | |||
| Mg(OH)2 | Phosphorus | Sorption | 588.4 mg/g | [586] | ||||
| Magnesium hydroxide | Oil | Sorption | 10 959 mg/g | 25 | 5 | [587] | ||
| Lignin-Mg(OH)2 nanocomposite | Ni2+ | Sorption | Up to 100% | 1500 | [588] | |||
| Cd2+ | ||||||||
| Pb2+ | ||||||||
| Cellulose acetate/Mg–Al layered double hydroxide (Mg–Al LDH) nanocomposite membranes | Diclofenac sodium (DS) | Sorption | Up to 100% | [589] | ||||
| Tetracycline (TC) | ||||||||