TABLE 1.
Demographic characteristics of the study population.
| Overall (N = 155) | Severe PPM (N = 10) | Moderate PPM (N = 22) | None (N = 123) | P-value | |
| Age | 77.9 ± 7.7 | 77.5 ± 7.6 | 77.9 ± 7.5 | 79.2 ± 8.7 | 0.2 |
| Male | 89 (57.4%) | 2 (20%) | 8 (36%) | 79 (64%) | 0.002 |
| BSA (m2) | 1.8 ± 0.2 | 1.7 ± 0.07 | 1.8 ± 0.2 | 1.8 ± 0.2 | 0.4 |
| BMI < 21 kg/m2 | 25 (16%) | 1 (10%) | 2 (9%) | 22 (18%) | 0.5 |
| BMI > 30 kg/m2 | 19 (12%) | 0 (0) | 2 (9%) | 17 (14%) | 0.4 |
| Hypertension | 135 (87%) | 10 (100%) | 22 (100%) | 103 (84%) | 0.05 |
| Dyslipidemia | 104 (67%) | 6 (60%) | 20 (91%) | 78 (65%) | 0.04 |
| Diabetes | 19 (12%) | 4 (40%) | 6 (27%) | 32 (26%) | 0.7 |
| Smoker | 40 (26%) | 2 (20%) | 4 (21%) | 34 (34%) | 0.4 |
| COPD | 36 (23%) | 3 (30%) | 6 (27%) | 27 (22%) | 0.8 |
| Severe renal failure | 28 (18%) | 3 (30%) | 2 (9%) | 23 (19%) | 0.3 |
| Dialysis | 6 (4%) | 1 (10%) | 0 (0) | 5 (4%) | 0.4 |
| Stroke | 9 (6%) | 1 (10%) | 0 (0) | 8 (7%) | 0.4 |
| Previous pacemaker | 50 (32%) | 3 (30%) | 6 (27%) | 41 (34%) | 0.8 |
| Previous cardiac surgery | 30 (19%) | 3 (30%) | 4 (18%) | 23 (19%) | 0.3 |
| HISTORY of MI | 42 (27%) | 2 (20%) | 8 (36%) | 32 (26%) | 0.5 |
| Previous PCI | 65 (42%) | 5 (50%) | 6 (27%) | 54 (45%) | 0.3 |
| NYHA III/IV | 114 (74%) | 7 (70%) | 18 (82%) | 89 (74%) | 0.7 |
| LV ejection Fraction (%) | 49 ± 13.4 | 52.5 ± 10.3 | 52.6 ± 18.7 | 48.1 ± 13.1 | 0.3 |
| Aortic valve area (cm2) | 1.34 ± 0.7 | 0.75 ± 0.3 | 1.05 ± 0.5 | 1.44 ± 0.72 | 0.03 |
| Euroscore I | 20.3 ± 15.0 | 37.4 ± 17.3 | 18.4 ± 7.3 | 18.1 ± 13.0 | 0.01 |
| Euroscore II | 8.7 ± 7.5 | 15.5 ± 15.0 | 9.5 ± 1.8 | 8.2 ± 7.6 | 0.06 |
| STS Score | 6.3 ± 5.9 | 12.3 ± 14.9 | 4.7 ± 1.2 | 6.9 ± 5.7 | 0.03 |
| Regurgitant degenerated | 88 (57%) | 3 (30%) | 10 (46%) | 75 (61%) | 0.08 |
| Stenotic degenerated | 52 (34%) | 3 (20%) | 12 (55%) | 37 (30%) | 0.09 |
| Mixed degenerated | 15 (10%) | 4 (40%) | 0 | 11 (9%) | 0.001 |
BSA, body surface area; BMI, body mass index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; LV, left ventricle; MI, myocardial infarction; NYHA, New York Heart Association; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; STS, Society of Thoracic Surgeons.