Table 1.
Autologous Schwann cell transplantation for long-gap peripheral nerve injury.
| References | Animal model | Nerve gap | Controls used | Experimental groups | Cell type | Number of transplanted cells | Study period | Conduit used |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aszmann et al., 2008 | Sprague-Dawley and Lewis Rats | 30 mm | homologous matrix only withoutSchwann cell, autograft | Study groups were (1) SD acellular autograft covered with SCs from proximal neuroma (2) Lewis rats with acellular homograft covered with SCs from proximal neuroma | Autologous SCs | 12 weeks | Acellular auto- or homograft | |
| Chang, 2009 | Sprague-Dawley Rats | 15 mm | Isograft | Conduit filled with (1) Genipin non-crosslink (2) low crosslink (3) medium crosslink (4) high crosslink | Autologous SCs | 3 ×105 cells/mL (9 ×103 cells) | 8 weeks | Polycaprolactone (PCL), genipin-crosslinked gelatin |
| Sun et al., 2009 | Wistar Rats | 10 mm | Autograft | Conduit filled with (1) SCs (2) Acellular | Autologous SCs | 2 ×106 cells in 100 μl | 12 weeks | Acellular nerve allograft |
| McGrath et al., 2010 | Fischer Rats | 10 mm | Autograft | Conduit filled with (1) BD™ PuraMatrix™ peptide (BD) hydrogel (2) Conduit filled with BD™ PuraMatrix™ peptide (BD) hydrogel plus SCs (3) Conduit filled with alginate/fibronectin hydrogel (4) Conduit filled with alginate/fibronectin hydrogel plus SCs | Autologous SCs | 16 weeks | Cellulose conduit | |
| Berrocal et al., 2013 | Fischer and Lewis Rats for reversed autograft | 15 mm | Autograft | Conduit filled with (1) GFP negative SCs (2) GFP positive SCs (3) serum only | Autologous SCs | 2 ×105 cells/μl | 16 weeks | NeuraGen™ |
| Jesuraj et al., 2014 | 14 mm | Isograft, cold preserved acellular nerve graft with no SCs | Conduit filled with (1) SCs derived from sciatic nerve (2) SCs derived from femoral motor (3) SCs derived from femoral sensory | Autologous SCs | 106 cells | 7 weeks | Cold preserved acellular nerve graft | |
| Hoben et al., 2015 | Lewis Rats | 20 mm | Isograft | (1) isograft (2) ANA (3) ANA-SCs (4) ANA-VEGF | Autologous SCs | 106 cells | 10 weeks | Acellular nerve allograft |
| Wang et al., 2017 | Nerve donors were ICR mice and graft recipients were C57BL/6 mice | 10 mm | Acellular nerve allograft alone | Study groups (1) SF conduit plus SCs (2) KLF7-SCs | Allogenic SCs | 2 ×107 SCs in 100 μl | 4 weeks | Acellular nerve allograft |
| Das et al., 2017 | Sprague-Dawley Rats | 10 mm | Sciatic nerve left untreated | Study Groups (1) Silk fibroin conduit (2) Silk fibroin conduit plus SCs (3) PASF conduit (4) PASF conduit plus SCs | Rat Schwann cell line (SCTM41) | 1 ×105 SCTM41 cells (rat Schwann cells) | 52 weeks | Silk Fibroin (SF) or Polyaniline-silk (PASF) nanocomposite-based |
| Liu et al., 2017 | Sprague-Dawley Rats | 15 mm | Autograft | Study Groups (1) magnetic scaffold (2) magnetic scaffold under MF exposure (3) SC-loaded magnetic scaffold (4) SC-loaded magnetic scaffold under MF exposure | Autologous SCs | - | 12 weeks | Magnetic nanocomposite scaffold, chitosan-glycerophosphate polymer |
| Ma et al., 2018 | Sprague-Dawley Rats | 15 mm | Autograft | Conduit filled with (1) SC and fibrin hydrogel (2) PFTBA alone without SCs (3) PFTBA plus SCs | Autologous SCs | 2 ×106 GFP-expressing SCs in 10 ml fibrinogen solution | 12 weeks | Chitosan-collagen |
| Gonzalez-Perez et al., 2018 | Wistar Hannover rats (Janvier) | 15 mm | Acellular fibronectin enriched conduit or laminin enriched conduit | Conduit filled with (1) collagen-fibronectin 20% plus MSCs (2) collagen-fibronectin 20% plus SCs (3) collagen-laminin 20% plus MSCs (4) collagen-laminin 20% plus SCs | Allogenic SCs | 7.5 ×105 cells. The pellet was resuspended in 1 ml | 16 weeks | Chitosan |
| Huang et al., 2019 | Sprague-Dawley Rats | 10 mm | Conduit filled with Matrigel and SCs | Conduit filled with (1) c-jun transfected SCs continuously treated with Dox for 12 wk (2) c-jun transfected SCs treated with no Dox for the entire experimental period (Dox−12) (3) c-jun transfected SCs treated with Dox for 3 wk followed by removal of Dox for 9 wk (Dox+3/−9) | Autologous SCs | SCs and matrigel (2 ×107 cells/ml) | 12 weeks | Poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) |
| Ma et al., 2020 | Sprague-Dawley Rats | 17 mm | Autograft | Conduit filled with (1) SCs without PFTBA injected into (fibers + gel) (2) SCs without PFTBA injected into (PFTBA fibers + gel) (3)SC-gel mixtures with PFTBA injected into (PFTBA-gel) (4) SC-gel with PFTBA injected into (PFTBA fibers + PFTBA-gel) | Autologous SCs | 1 ×106 SCs | 12 weeks | Perfluorotributylamine |
| Burks et al., 2021 | Fischer Rats | 13 mm | Autograft, NeuraGen™ filled with Serum only | Conduit filled with green fluorescent protein (GFP)–labeled SCs | Autologous SCs | 1 ×105 cells/μl | 16 weeks | NeuraGen™ 3D |
| Muangsanit et al., 2021 | Wistar Rats | 10 mm | Conduit filled with (1) SCs (2) HUVEC (3) SC-HUVEC combination | Rat Schwann cell line SCL4.1/F7 | 100 μl of cell suspension (culture medium containing 0.5–4.0 ×106 cells/ml) | 4 weeks | Silicone tube collagen gel | |
| Yao et al., 2021 | Sprague-Dawley Rats | 10 mm | Conduit filled with PBS | Conduit filled with (1) Lentivirus control SCs (2) Lv-loc680254 SCs | Autologous SCs | - | 12 weeks | Chitosan |