Figure 1.

Functional indices of diabetic neuropathy were reversed by NSI-189: (a) motor nerve conduction velocity and (b) sensory motor nerve conduction velocity, (c) tactile responses to von Frey filaments, and (d) thermal responses on the Hargreaves apparatus, over the 16 weeks of treatment with NSI-189. ^∗p < 0.05, ^∗∗p < 0.01, and ^∗∗∗p < 0.001, two-way repeated measures ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test against the control+vehicle group; ^#p < 0.05, ^##p < 0.01 against the ZDF+NSI-189 group. Black circle: control+vehicle, red upward triangle: ZDF+vehicle, and green downward triangle: ZDF+NSI-189 groups. (e) Corneal nerve length in Bowman's subbasal layer and (f) in the stromal layer. ^∗p < 0.05, ^∗∗p < 0.01, one-way ANOVA followed by Holm-Sidak's post hoc test against the ZDF+vehicle group. N = 10 animals per group, except for CCM data of control rats where the quality of 2 sets of images was not satisfactory for analysis. Data are mean ± SEM.