Fig. 3.

Bantu migrations reconstructed by using the break-away model in the augmented phylogeographic tree in Fig. 2. The homeland is marked with a star, and main nodes (1 to 3), as well as main clades (0 to 23), are numbered, following the notation and color coding in Fig. 2. Each colored circle represents the median value of the posterior distribution for the origin of the respective clade (see Fig. 4 for greater detail). Each black circle tags a node, whose exact location corresponds to the closest colored circle if it corresponds to the origin of a clade (nodes 2 and 3), or to the closest cross if not (as in node 1). The span of the rainforest at 5,000 BP and at 2,500 BP, according to refs. 29 and 30, is shown.